2 
RESEARCH ETHICS 
Article Analysis and Evaluation of Research Ethics 
Legal  and  ethical  issues  create  a  significant  factor  in  modern  research,  linked  to  the 
participants and researcher. The major ethical issue that may have occurred when conducting this 
research was informed consent (Butts & Rich, 2019).  Informed consent means that an individual 
knowingly, willingly and logically, and in a clear and obvious manner, provides his consent. The 
researcher needs to notify the subjects regarding the techniques which will be utilized to protect 
privacy and confidentiality and point out an individual with whom they can debate the research 
(Fain,  2017). He  must  as  well  deliver  a  Non-coercive  Disclaimer  which  points  out  that 
participation is intentional and no consequences are to follow in refusal to take part. 
The other ethical issue that the researcher might have faced is the  ethical principle of 
beneficence  which  involves  the  professional  obligation  to  do  effectual  and  substantial 
investigation so as to serve better and uphold the well-being of the participants (Holloway & 
Galvin, 2016).   This might have been a problem because beneficence is at times hard to predict 
when making a hypothesis particularly in such research (Fain, 2017). The issue of confidentiality 
and anonymity is the other issue which is narrowly linked to the rights of beneficence, respect 
for self-esteem  and loyalty. If the  researcher is  unable  to promise  secrecy, he has to  address 
privacy, which is the management of confidential information by the investigator to protect the 
identity of the subject.   
The nature and principle of nursing reflect on human beings and their correlation with 
health. Ethical concerns, differing principles, and vagueness in decision making are repeatedly 
developing from a literature review on nursing research (Holloway & Galvin, 2016).  Therefore,