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Australia’s Contribution to War Campaigns (WWI, WWII, Vietnam)

The Australian War Memorial is significant to Australians as they commemorate the

sacrifice of fellow Australians who died in the war. Its purpose is to help the people remember,

interpret and understand the experience of war and its long-lasting impact on their society. It was

built on 11

November 1941 in Canberra, Australia. It was built in Canberra because of the

proximity of the location to Parliament House. The Australian War Memorial was designed by

Emil Lawrence Sodersten, an Australian architect, who was active in the twentieth century. His

designed the first national architectural monument in Australia.

Australia was very enthusiastic during the WWI. It had already pledged to support Britain

even before the war was formally declared. Australian Naval and Military Expedition Force was

sent to the Pacific to seize possessions acquired by German. Later, Australia teamed with New

Zealand to form Anzac, which, together with other troops, fought an unsuccessful and costly

war. Many Australians had the views that their involvement in Gallipoli and in WWI was

symbolic of their participation in the international sphere. In January 1915, the British council

approved an attack on the Gallipoli Peninsula, and ANZAC was to take part despite their small

number compared to other troops. They wanted to open the Black seas and have uninterrupted

shipping to Russia any time of the year. They supported the Gallipoli campaign by constructing

harbors. However, it was unsuccessful. The ANZAC spirit remains strong to-date. Australians

perceive the failed Gallipoli campaign as a highlight of the country’s emergence as an

international player. They believe that the soldier’s performance was an illustration of

Australia’s natural ability.

I saw the Memorial Box 1, which contains replica and real uniforms, equipment, and

artifacts that are evidence of WWI. The objects explore the Anzac experience and show the

contribution of nurses, airmen, sailors, and the people who were home during a significant period

and a defining moment in the country’s history.

Australia was part of the British empire. In 1939, Great Britain declared war against

Germany, and consequently, Australia was also at war due to her allegiance to Britain. Men and

women served during WWII. They fought against the Axis powers and the Japanese navy, which

had advanced towards South East Asia. For the first time, the Australian mainland was attacked

by the Japanese army. Australia was involved in a long battle for the Kokoda after the invasion

of Papua by Japanese. The Australians had failed to consider the Kokoda gap, and the possibility

of the Japanese force advancing from that side. Troops were sent to stop the Japanese from

advancing. The conditions at the battlefield were horrific, and the troops had not trained well on

jungle wars. The track was steep for young soldiers. They carried heavy equipment, and their

attires were heavy too. The conditions were unsuitable. By the time Germany was defeated, and

the Japanese had decided to surrender, Australia had already lost many of its people. 30000

Australians had been taken away as prisoners. My understanding of the two theatres of war is

that Australia was devoted to helping their British allies, and they forgot to guard their territories.

I saw a group portrait of some of the crew members that were aboard HMAS Sydney 11.

It could have been after the troop had successfully conquered the Italian cruiser Bartolomeo. The

period is significant for Australians who were at home and away, as it was during this time that

the country’s mainland first came under attack.

In 1962, Australia’s involvement in Vietnam began with thirty military advisors who

were sent to Vietnam. A decade later, the number had significantly increased due to Australia’s

commitment to helping with security in South Vietnam. By 1972, Australia withdrew its soldiers

after a decade-long war. Australia had not been in such a long war. It is still Australia’s biggest

contribution to external conflicts after WWII. After WWII, concerns about communism in

triggered Australians to take part in the war. An anti-war movement was developed as a response

to the country’s program of conscription. The withdrawal from Vietnam began in 1970 and took

place in phases. By 11

January 1973, Vietnam had fully withdrawn from the Vietnam

hostilities, a war that saw 60,000 Australians participate. Among them, 3,000 were injured, while

521 soldiers were killed.

I saw an image showing an Australian troop following an armored personal carrier on a

mission during the Vietnam war-search and destroy mission. The soldiers were walking behind

the carrier, and this shows the sacrifice and hardships encountered by Australian soldiers on the

battlefield. It shows Australia’s relentless support during the war.

Lastly, the tour guide told me the events of the second war. He told me that most

Australians were affected by the war as they were directly attacked by Japanese soldiers. Almost

one million Australians took part in the war, which left more than 39,000 dead. He showed me

galleries that document the involvement of Australia in campaigns against Germany, North

Africa, and Japan. Australia’s mainland was attacked, and the tour guide explained the

experience of most Australians. The story showed the courage and persistence that yielded the

achievement of the soldiers and the sacrifices of those that took part in the war. The story made

me realize that the Anzac spirit was inspired more by WWII, more than the other two major

wars.

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