Cellular Phone Evolution

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CELLULAR PHONE EVOLUTION 2

Cellular Phone Evolution

Technology has become a crucial aspect of today’s world. Various appliances such as

TV’s, refrigerators, and mobile phones exist due to technology. The cellular telephone continues

to evolve every day with new capabilities and updates to the installed applications. The global

community uses the mobile phone to make voice calls, take photos, connect to the Internet, and

monitor health among other uses. The technology used to develop traditional phones is different

from the new mobile technology. The phone is evolving to a multi-function appliance that has

applications in intelligent environments such as controlling appliances and cognitive capabilities.

In 1946, AT&T set up the first mobile telephone service in St. Louis, Missouri. The

phone could only support three simultaneous calls. In 1983, Ameritech developed the first

commercial cellular telephone in the United States (Ghosh, Zhang, Andrews, & Muhamed,

2011). The Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS) operated in Chicago and its suburbs. Early

enhancements in processing capabilities of the telephone systems initiated the evolution of 2G

wireless systems. The 2G digital cellular network improved voice quality, security of the mobile

applications, and the development of new programs. Moreover, the 2G system led to the

development of Short Messaging Service (SMS), which attracted a considerable number of

subscribers. Now, the world has over 4.2 billion customers using the Global Systems for Mobile

Communications (GSM), which is a product of the 2G wireless system.

Mobile phones represent a significant building block in many ubicomp systems

(Roduner, Langheinrich, Floerkemeier, & Schwarzentrub, 2007). The computing capabilities of

mobile phones make them suitable gadgets for performing interactive services in intelligent

surroundings. The advancements in technology enable the mobile phones to control smart

environments such as tag detection. The addition of Near Field Communication (NFC) allows

CELLULAR PHONE EVOLUTION 3

the cellular phones to discover and read out passive RFID-tags (Roduner et al., 2007, p.2).

Additionally, the sophisticated camera phones can read 2D barcodes on paper. The

programmable screen and keyboard enable the mobile phone to provide additional data detailing

the condition of an appliance. The programmable display can customize the user interface of the

machine in situations where there is limited space on the device. The sophisticated capabilities

enable households to use the cellular phone as a universal remote console.

The technology on smartphones allows the gadgets to understand the life patterns of the

users such as health and daily chores. Today’s smartphones consist of powerful processors and

inexpensive embedded sensors (Campbell & Choudhury, 2012). Apple’s Siri utilizes voice

recognition technology to respond to questions, issue requests, and formulate recommendations.

Google’s BeWell app monitors user’s behaviors. The application observes sleep patterns and

provides recommendations on the suitable sleep duration. The app uses a weighted score that

enables users to track their progress. Low scores encourage the user to improve on behavior, and

high scores motivate the individual to continue producing the results. The WalkSafe Android app

utilizes the mobile phone’s back camera to detect motor vehicles advancing towards the user

(Campbell & Choudhury, 2012, p.9). It uses sound and phone vibration to alert the individual.

The advancements in technology promote the evolution of the cellular phone to greater

heights. Traditional telephones could only manage voice calls and text messaging. The

smartphone generation illustrates other phone capabilities such as the use of the gadgets as

universal remote consoles in appliances. Additionally, the phones consist of sensing capabilities

that provide recommendations and answer questions. Various applications such as BeWell and

WalkSafe monitor the health and the safety of the user while on the road.

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References

Campbell, A., & Choudhury, T. (2012). From smart to cognitive phones. IEEE Pervasive

Computing, 11(3), 7-11.

Ghosh, A., Zhang, J., Andrews, J.G., & Muhamed, R. (2011). Fundamentals of LTE. Boston,

MA: Pearson Education.

Roduner, C., Langheinrich, M., Floerkemeier, C., & Schwarzentrub, B. Operating appliances

with mobile phones–strengths and limits of a universal interaction device.

In International Conference on Pervasive Computing (pp. 198-215). Springer Berlin

Heidelberg.

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