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COMPARATIVE REVIEW 1

Comparative Review

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COMPARATIVE REVIEW 2

Comparative Review

Mexican Labor and World War II is a contextual analysis of Mexican contracted work in

the Pacific Northwest, composed by Erasmo Gamboa and focuses on the war years and spots the

significance of farm work program into a more extensive national setting. Gamboa depicts how

Mexican workers were abused and oppressed in the form of pathetic living and working

conditions, partiality, and poor wages

. Simultaneously, Mario Jimenez Sifuentez's Mexican

Labor in the Pacific Northwest recounts the narrative of Mexican laborers, who worked in the

fields, canneries, pressing sheds, and forests, thus converting the Pacific Northwest into a

standout amongst the most beneficial agrarian region area within the region. This paper

compares how Gamboa and Sifuentez investigated the historical backdrop of Mexican workers in

the Pacific Northwest.

In Mexican Labor in the Pacific Northwest, Mario Jimenez Sifuentez incorporates the

U.S. labor, ecological, and the history of Chicana/o to recount the Mexican workers’ narrative in

Oregon and Washington. Starting from the underlying relocation of Mexican visitor laborers in

1942 toward the Northwest and finishing by arrangement and achievement of territorial

associations upholding for the rights of laborers in the 1990s, Sifuentez features how Mexican

labor changed the Pacific Northwest to stand out amongst the most beneficial horticultural

districts in the nation after the Second World War

Cordia, Madelina. The Fruits of Their Labor: The Bracero Program in Southern Oregon, 1942-

1964. The University of Nebraska at Kearney, 2017.

Cordia, Madelina. The Fruits of Their Labor: The Bracero Program in Southern Oregon, 1942-

1964. The University of Nebraska at Kearney, 2017.

COMPARATIVE REVIEW 3

On the other hand, Gamboa investigates how probing and insightful the manners by

which Braceros turned into a dynamic agent of the lives of Mexicans in his book, Mexican labor

and World War II. His portrayals of living and working conditions in migrant farm camps are

comprehensive and uncover a profound sensitivity for the men who traveled from far regions

with the hopes of finding some employment. The Bracero Program was a progression of laws

and strategic assertions, introduced on August 4, 1942, and signed by both the United States and

Mexico in the Mexican Farm Labor Agreement.

According to The Bracero Program in Southern Oregon, 1942-1964 by Cordia (2017), the

Bracero Program was operated by the State Department, Labor Department, as well as the

Immigration and Naturalization Services in the Justice Department. The agreement guaranteed

the workers better than average living standards in labor camps, for example, satisfactory shelter,

nourishment and sanitation, and an average wage of thirty cents per hour. In addition, it was

agreed that braceros would not be segregated, for example, prohibition from "white" territories.

Braceros were expected to promote adequate labor in agribusiness

. The program kept going for

22 years and contracted five million braceros in twenty-four states of the U.S., turning into the

biggest foreign laborer program in the history of the U.S. From 1942 to 1947 however, few

braceros were approved, representing below 10 percent of procured laborers in the U.S.

Nonetheless, both U.S and the managers from Mexico turned out to be intensely reliant on

braceros for laborers who were willing to work; bribery became a typical method of getting an

agreement done amid this period. Thus, many years of the temporary agreement resulted in an

expansion in undocumented immigrants.

Sifuentez, Mario Jimenez. Of Forests and Fields: Mexican Labor in the Pacific Northwest.

Rutgers University Press, 2016.

COMPARATIVE REVIEW 4

As Gamboa describes, braceros encountered the difficulties of separation and abuse by

finding different manners to oppose and endeavor in enhancing their standards of living and

salary in the work camps of the Pacific Northwest so many strikes broke out when the program

became to the law during its initial two years of operation

. One technique the braceros used to

increase their salaries was when they stacked their gather packs with stones so as to add weight

to their harvest and along these lines earn more salary. Additionally, they discovered that

planning was important. Slowdowns could be more effective when joined with work stoppages,

chilly climate, and a pressing season of harvesting.

The eminent strikes all through the Northwest demonstrated that businesses would

preferably consult with braceros rather than expelling them, employers had a brief period to

waste as they would have harvested their products and the trouble and cost of the program

constrained them to consult with braceros for better standards of living and reasonable salaries.

Braceros were likewise separated and isolated in their camps of work

. A few growers were

forced to build three work camps for whites, blacks, and the Mexicans. The standards of living

were awful and very unsanitary. In 1943 Grants Pass, Oregon, five-hundred braceros died out of

food poisoning, which was a very severe case amongst the most extreme instances of food

poisoning recorded in the Northwest. The absence of proper nourishment, poor living standards,

segregation, and misuse drove braceros to end up in dynamic strikes and to effectively arrange

their terms.

Sifuentez, Mario Jimenez. Of Forests and Fields: Mexican Labor in the Pacific Northwest.

Rutgers University Press, 2016.

Sifuentez, Mario Jimenez. Of Forests and Fields: Mexican Labor in the Pacific Northwest.

Rutgers University Press, 2016.

COMPARATIVE REVIEW 5

On the other hand, Dr. Sifuentez's study is a profoundly individual history of labor

resistance in Mexico, which he follows starting with Braceros in 1940s to the Tejanos in the after

war time frame, to today’s greater extent of undocumented workforce

. All through, Dr.

Sifuentez talks about the uniqueness of the ethnic Mexican involvement in the Pacific Northwest,

withdrawing in various ways from the setup story focused in the Southwest. His book likewise

gives a usable history of the arrangement and achievement of dynamic associations that

consolidate grassroots community-centered engagement with work activism to serve the

requirements of powerless laborers, kin, as well as groups.

In summary, the real distinction in the historical backdrop of Mexican work as plotted by

Gamboa and Sifuentez is that, the previous author significantly traces how Mexican migrants in

the Braceros program experienced more oppressive wage frameworks, working conditions that

genuinely dehumanized them, solid racial hostility, and little acknowledgment for their part in

keeping Northwest agribusiness above water during World War II. These braceros, the most

activist of every single such worker, battled back with strikes. However, Sifuentez concentrates

more on how the exceptional function of Mexican foreign laborers, Tejano migrants, and

undocumented outsiders changed numerous verdant forests and fields in Pacific Northwest into

the farming powerhouse it is today. Sifuentez has made ready for researchers to more promptly

draw in with the manners by which Mexican and Mexican-American work fits into a bigger

ecological history of the United States. In any case, both authors portray how the Mexican

workers endured operating in the farms of the historic Pacific Northwest.

Sifuentez, Mario Jimenez. Of Forests and Fields: Mexican Labor in the Pacific Northwest.

Rutgers University Press, 2016.

COMPARATIVE REVIEW 6

Work Cited

Cordia, Madelina. The Fruits of Their Labor: The Bracero Program in Southern Oregon, 1942-

1964. The University of Nebraska at Kearney, 2017.

Sifuentez, Mario Jimenez. Of Forests and Fields: Mexican Labor in the Pacific Northwest.

Rutgers University Press, 2016.

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