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Descartes and Rousseau
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Philosophy is a comprehensive study of certain ideas and problematic issues in the
society with the aim to understand their nature, proof of existence and provides vast knowledge
on the field. There are various types of scholars depending on the area of study such as ethics,
social norms, and political systems, linguistics among others. Philosophy is divided into three
primary branches; the natural, moral and metaphysical philosophy. Among primary methods
employed by scholars is extensive research, evaluating the practical part of certain ideas in the
present world, critical discussions and arguments as well as questioning different behaviors. The
impact of philosophy on the moral and ethical improvement of humankind has different
perspectives from various scholars such as Rousseau and Descartes.
Rousseau majored in both political and moral philosophy which is the basis of
developments in ethics and morals of human life (Descartes 74). Rousseau concerns on
preserving human freedom. His political philosophy comprises social contract theory which was
a significant influence on any activities such as the French revolution; rise of liberal,
conservative and socialist’s ideas. On the moral philosophy which affects human nature and
behaviors, he aimed at the philosophy of education and religion emphasizing that man was the
most civilized in the state of nature (Descartes 95). According to Rousseau, man civilization
should guarantee him freedom and teaching wisdom for righteousness. “In any animal I see
