DMD Chronic Hypoventilation

Duchene Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) and Chronic Hypoventilation 1

DUCHENE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY (DMD) AND CHRONIC HYPOVENTILATION

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Duchene Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) and Chronic Hypoventilation 2

Duchene Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) and Chronic Hypoventilation

Explain how DMD results in hypoventilation.

The disease affects the breathing muscles making breathing a problem since the muscles

are weakened and the result is hypoventilation (Fiorentino, Pisano & Annunziata, 2016).

Define hypoventilation and explain what would happen to pulmonary ventilation

and alveolar ventilation rates as well arterial PO2 and PCO2 compared to a normal

individual (use values to support your answer).

Hypoventilation is a physiological state where there are reduced amounts of air entering

the lungs leading to reduced oxygen levels and increased carbon dioxide levels in the lungs. In

alveolar hypoventilation, the arterial PCO2 is 45 mm Hg and arterial PO2 56 mm Hg as opposed

to 35 mm Hg and 75mm Hg in normal persons respectively. In pulmonary ventilation the arterial

PCO2 is 40 mm Hg and arterial PO2 60 mm Hg as opposed to 35 mm Hg and 75mm Hg in

normal persons respectively. (Finkel, Goemans & Rummey, 2016).

If a healthy individual began to hypoventilate, what changes would you expect to

observe in their plasma pH and why?

Hypoventilation leads to increased levels weak carbonic acid in the blood which leads to

a reduction in the plasma pH and patient present with respiratory acidosis. (Hukins & Hillman,

2000)

Dayne, as is common with all individuals who suffer from chronic hypoventilation,

has a normal plasma pH. Why?

The normal plasma pH comes as a result of compensatory mechanism that ensures that

the respiratory acidosis is corrected. The body produces more bicarbonate ions to above 30

mEq/L neutralizing the acidity (Ogna et al., 2016).

Duchene Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) and Chronic Hypoventilation 3

Reference list

Hukins, C.A., and Hillman, D.R., 2000. Daytime predictors of sleep hypoventilation in

Duchenne muscular dystrophy. American journal of respiratory and critical care

medicine, 161(1), pp.166-170.

Burns, D.P., Arijit, R., McDonald, F., Wilson, R.J. and O’Halloran, K.D., 2016. Hypoventilation

in the Mdx Mouse Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. The FASEB

Journal, 30(1_supplement), pp.lb742-lb742.

Ogna, A., Salva, M.A.Q., Prigent, H., Mroue, G., Vaugier, I., Annane, D., Lofaso, F. and

Orlikowski, D., 2016. Nocturnal hypoventilation in neuromuscular disease: prevalence

according to different definitions issued from the literature. Sleep and Breathing, 20(2),

pp.575-581.

Fiorentino, G., Pisano, A. and Annunziata, A., 2016. Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation in

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: What Have We Learned?. In Noninvasive Mechanical

Ventilation (pp. 333-338). Springer, Cham.

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