Due Diligence IFSL Nanaimo-Vancouver Passenger Foot Ferry Service

Running Head: DUE DILIGENCE IFSL 1
Due Diligence IFSL: Nanaimo-Vancouver Passenger Foot Ferry Service
Name
Institutional affiliation
DUE DILIGENCE IFSL 2
Due Diligence IFSL: Nanaimo-Vancouver Passenger Foot Ferry Service
Part Four
Table 1: Consumption ratios of the Indirect Costs by Seven activities for June 2018
Optimistic
Indirect Costs
Amou
nts
Transporti
ng and
Adhering
to
arrival/de
parture
times in
ports
Achievi
ng the
lowest
fuel
consum
ption
possibl
e
Ensur
ing a
very
safe
trip
for
Every
one
Providi
ng a
comfor
table
trip for
passen
gers
Support
ing
local
commu
nities
Organiz
ation
sustaini
ng
activitie
s
Wages and
benefits for
onboard crew
600,0
00
65%
10%
5%
10%
15%
Wages and
benefits for
terminal crew
40,33
3
45%
15%
15%
5%
10%
Maintenance
costs
100,0
00
35%
20%
5%
5%
5%
Fuel costs
1,145,
800
75%
35%
15%
DUE DILIGENCE IFSL 3
City of Nanaimo
services to
terminal
10,00
0
60%
30%
15%
15%
Maintenance
costs for two
boats
138,1
93
10%
15%
25%
20%
10%
15%
Marketing and
promotion
expenses
210,3
75
25%
80%
Booking and
Sales Expenses
132,2
17
30%
5%
60%
Lease area for
Terminal and
Docking
4,333
15%
10%
20%
20%
10%
40%
License to
preserve the right
of way
1,250
100%
Hull insurance
74,16
7
100%
Administration
expense
208,3
33
10%
10%
20%
15%
20%
15%
DUE DILIGENCE IFSL 4
Part Five
Table 2: Activity-Based Costing (ABC) for Business and Regular Customer's Profitability
under Optimistic Option for June 2018 Optimistic
Business
Regular
Total
Revenues
1,710,00
0
2,850,00
0
4,560,00
0
Variable Expenses
Wages and benefits for onboard crew
215,000
285,000
500,000
Protection and Indemnity
93,500
96,875
190,375
Marketing and Promotion expenses
89,568
100,807
190,375
Booking and sales Expenses
42,005
84,912
126,917
Wages and benefits for terminal crew
9,560
15,440
25,000
Fuel costs
356,300
789,500
1,145,80
0
Annual Maintenance
14,693
23,500
38,193
Total Variable expenses
820,626
1,396,03
4
2,216,66
0
Contribution Margin
842,655
1,500,68
5
2,343,34
0
Fixed Expenses
Wages and benefits for onboard crew
38,700
61,300
100,000
Hull Insurance
36,260
37,907
74,167
Administration expenses including Nanaim's and Victoria's
69605
138728
208,333
DUE DILIGENCE IFSL 5
Offices Expenses
Marketing and promoting expenses
6,800
13,200
20,000
Booking and sales expenses
2,433
2,900
5,333
Lease area for terminal and Docking
1,933
2,400
4,333
License to preserve the road right of way for the from St.
connection
500
750
1,250
The city of Nanaimo Services to terminal
4,150
5,850
10,000
Wages and benefits for terminal and docking crew
6,708
8,625
15,333
Annual maintenance
41,700
58,300
100,000
Total Fixed Costs
208,789
329,961
538,750
Net Operating Profit
680,585
1,124,00
5
1,804,59
0
DUE DILIGENCE IFSL 6
Part Six
To:
From:
CC:
Date: 5 June 2017
Subject: Benefits and Disadvantages of Using ABC in IFSL
Activity-based costing is an accounting technique that aims at identifying the particular activity
that the business or organization performs and assigns the indirect costs to the products. The
ABC approach addresses the correlation between cost, products, and activities. It also allocates
indirect costs to the product in a convenient manner. This method is particularly important in the
manufacturing sector since it aids in assigning the indirect costs, such as the salaries of office
and administrative staff to the specific product. The application of this technique is therefore
crucial since it has some benefits and challenges that should be considered by IFSL.
Benefits of Using Activity-Based Costing Approach
One of the advantages that can be derived from using this technique is that it enhances the
reliability of the cost data. This approach produces nearly-true costs and classifies the costs that
are incurred by the corporation during the production process. The classification of the costs will
be important as it will show the specific activities that have an enormous impact on the expenses.
This will aid in the decision-making process as the management can view the various costs
incurred and develop strategies to increase the profitability through cutting down on expenses
(Maingi, 2013). Moreover, this approach is used in product line profitability analysis, product
costing, service pricing, target costing, and Consumer profitability analysis. This system can
allow IFSL to develop a better corporate focus and strategy since the costs incurred will be
DUE DILIGENCE IFSL 7
understood better. Furthermore, this approach recognizes that many activities such as hull
insurance and License to preserve the road right of way cause the company to consume
resources, thus making their accountability essential. The ABC approach will allow the firm to
calculate the cost of the resources that will be used by IFSL in each of the activities (Maingi,
2013).
The application of this system allows the management to allot the cost of each activity to the
products that demanded that specific activity. This will ensure that all the overheads are carefully
computed and allocated. Moreover, the ferry services costs cannot be computed as
manufacturing overheads since they do not correlate with direct labor and operation hours.
Moreover, the true costs of the processes will be identified using this approach (Maingi, 2013).
This will allow the IFSL to use this data and the desired profits to determine the pricing method
for business and regular passengers. Equally important, this approach can reveal any unnecessary
costs which should be eliminated to increase profitability and lower the expenses. The data can
also show the wasteful products so that resources can be allocated appropriately. Additionally,
this technique enables improved product and consume profitability analysis (Maingi, 2013).
Disadvantages of Using Activity-Based Costing Approach
One of the biggest challenges encountered using this method is that it is nearly impossible to
allocate all the overhead costs of specific activities within the company. As such, not all the costs
can be related to the provision of the ferry services, thus reducing the efficiency of accountability
achieved using this approach. Moreover, this approach may be expensive and complex especially
in large projects (Goektuerk, 2007). There are very many costs that will be encountered by IFSL,
and thus the approach can be expensive and time-consuming. The technique breaks down all the
organizational activities into individual components for analysis. Moreover, IFSL may need a
DUE DILIGENCE IFSL 8
specialist or consultant who specializes in the setup of ABC and provides training to the
accounting staff. Also, the process of data collection and entry requires substantial resources,
thus making it expensive and time consuming. Likewise, the application of ABC can result in
misinterpretation of information and cost data. The ABC data contains a wide variety of
information, including product margins which vary from the reports in the traditional costing
techniques (Goektuerk, 2007).
Some of the activity-based costs may be irrelevant, and thus cannot be utilized in the decision-
making process. Also, ABC does not conform to any accounting standards, thus limiting its
scope and application. It cannot be used in external reporting, and the complexity of the data can
increase confusion, thus making decision-making poor (Goektuerk, 2007). Similarly, firms using
the ABC approach have to maintain two cost systems and accounting books, one for external
use, filings, and statutory compliance, and another for internal use. This can be considered as a
duplication of efforts which is unnecessary. Also, this system has ‘cost leaks' since it fails to
consider various aspects such as the time taken by employees in training, attending seminars, and
team building. Also, employees rarely devote 100% of their efforts in productive activities, and
not all activities will add value to the corporation. Additionally, overemphasis on detail and
control of costs may obscure the bigger picture, thus making the firm lose sight of strategic
objectives (Scheid, 2011).
Recommendations
The review of the benefits and shortcomings of the ABC technique indicates that although it has
many uses the application of other lean accounting approaches such as Economic Value Added
(EVA) and Balanced Scorecards can be of equal benefit. These techniques will enhance precise
accounting control and measure all the systems without complexity and cost inefficiency such as
DUE DILIGENCE IFSL 9
ABC method (Scheid, 2011). Additionally, the schedule of the employees should be considered
as it will affect flexibility and efficiency of operations The ferry service can provide employee
key staff responsible for the major operations. The other employees can have a flexible schedule
so that the ferry service can handle the varying traffic throughout the year.
DUE DILIGENCE IFSL 10
References
Goektuerk, H. (2007). Activity-Based Costing (ABC) - Advantages and Disadvantages. Munich:
GRIN Verlag. Doi
https://books.google.co.ke/books?id=TB9PYlPQ_TYC&printsec=frontcover&source=gb
s_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
Maingi, J. (2013). Advantages & Disadvantages of activity-based costing with reference to
economic value addition. Munich: GRIN Verlag. Doi
https://books.google.co.ke/books?id=B51GAgAAQBAJ&dq=benefits+of+activity+based
+costing+abc&source=gbs_navlinks_s
Scheid, J. (2011). Pros and Cons of Activity-Based Costing. Retrieved from
http://www.brighthub.com/office/finance/articles/78752.aspx

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