Film review The Grapes of Wrath 1940

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Film review: The Grapes of Wrath (1940)
Social inequality is a concept existent in society since time immemorial. The
distribution of resources which helps define the rich and the poor inadvertently leads to a
difference in class whereby mannerisms and attitudes differ. Nowhere is this attribute starker
than in the film ‘The Grapes of Wrath’ which is based on John Steinbeck’s book under the
same name. Both of these works of art are separated by a year with the book being produced
in 1939 whereas the film in the year 1940. On the background of this setting lies the wake of
the Great Depression which originated in America, fuelling the divide between the rich and
the poor. The struggles undergone by the Joad family in the film ‘The Grapes of Wrath’
showcase the dark truth behind class relations especially on how poor people are treated in
society and the consequent power that corporations have over common citizens forcing them
to undergo inhumane conditions in order to get basic life commodities.
Undeniably, the social context of the film lies during the Great Depression. This fact is
clearly shown from the opening scene whereby Tom Joad is re-told of how his family was
forced out of their family farm by the deed holders of the land. Essentially, the landowners
fall into the upper economic class and as such, they assert dominance over the land’s tenants.
By throwing them out, they leave the farm dwellers with no shelter and lack of means to
provide food for their loved ones. Moreover, the Joad family is 12 in number, consisting of
grandparents to grandchildren. Social conditions that would facilitate supporting such a large
family require large land which provides children with the ability to play and roam free.
Nonetheless, the reality that Tom Joad arrives home serves as a testament to the economic
oppression and societal differences that existed therein.
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Class relations are also governed by the level of education that a certain people have.
Since the family farm was in the rural area, their access to education was limited, constricting
the options that the children had in terms of goals and dreams. In contrast to the Shawnee
Land and Cattle Company, they offered no defense legally since their land had been taken,
forcing them to be squatters in their own homes. Since the owners of the company have been
educated and trained in order to survive in the modern urban environment, they inadvertently
hold the power over their fate and lives. This is seen in their act of hiring a local boy to knock
down the houses of local people such as Muley Graves who happens to be hiding out in the
Joad house farm. Eventually, these conditions force the family to cradle into one car and
migrate in search of better opportunities while the upper class citizens who have power are in
charge of their own fate since they have the resources to live within their means. Instead, the
family seeks out opportunities in California, despite their large size and unjustified hopes.
The reality displayed in the movie is largely accurate, especially the economic
conditions that governed the time. Whereas social differences preserved the tastes of the
privileged in society, the Joad clan was forced to experience harsh conditions on the road as
they trekked on towards the American dream. These conditions were so egregious that they
were forced to leave their grandfather after he died with no proper burial. Instead, a note
graced his remains so as to dissuade any notions of homicide that a future traveller stumbling
upon them might have. Similarly, social class differences offer the rich the luxury of grieving
and celebrating their dead through remembering their memories, however, the poor are forced
to move on in order to earn basic commodities to last them through the following day.
Therefore, the sociological question of justice is raised, owing to the basic rights that people
have in society owing to their class and their economic level.
The three migrant camps that the Joads visit offer a glimpse into the human problems
present at the time. Most of the workers they encountered in the first camp were jobless,
hungry and living in shanty houses. This compromised on their cleanliness which served as an
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optimum harbor for diseases. Concepts of basic human rights such as the right to an
education, proper shelter and food categorize the Great Depression and are more significant in
the first camp. Furthermore, the meat and other consumable products they can gain access to
have high costs, constraining their ability to feed themselves. Class difference is increasingly
present since the rich and the well off in the community are able to access good food while
the poor fight for crumbs.
Additionally, working conditions during the Great Depression far differ from the
reality in the 21
st
century. Strikes are not seen as forums to address the rights for workers as
seen in the Keene Ranch that the Joad family move to next. Eventually, the strike attempt is
discovered by the guards who engage the workers in physical conflict in an attempt to oppress
their needs. This shines a light on the importance of healthy working conditions that minds
the rights and safety of workers. When contrasted to upper class society, power enables them
to relax in their homes and govern low wage workers who undergo degrading health
conditions in order to provide for their family. Instead of championing for a stronger labor
force through listening to their needs, the guards use their power to physically manipulate the
workers into doing their bidding.
Unfortunately, the strike confrontation evolves into murder since Tom Joad is forced
to defend one of the workers, causing the tragedy. The family is forced to move from the
camp under harsh conditions, while hiding Tom in their car in order to evade detection. Such
oppression is only existent amongst the poor and powerless, lacking the resources to
manipulate the law to work for them. Nonetheless, the final camp that they land in is
controlled by the Department of Agriculture. It exercises cleanliness, with well stipulated
washrooms to prevent germs and diseases. The change of scenery challenges Tom Joad to
take a step towards championing social justice. Social reform in terms of economic class and
structure are his goal as he aims to change them so as to equate the rich and the poor.
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In conclusion, the film manages to connect historic events such as the Great
Depression to present insightful detail into social class differences and living conditions. The
poor and helpless in society consistently lack the power to gain basic rights such as food,
shelter and education whereas the upper economic class watches from a distance. It takes
strong people such as Tom Joad to advocate for social reform and resolve the power
differences that hinder society from prospering.

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