Final Research Assignment

FINAL RESEARCH PAPER 1

Final research assignment

Student’s Name

Professor’s Name

Course

Date

FINAL RESEARCH PAPER 2

Abstract

This final research paper focuses on why and how Texas continues flourishing in the

agricultural industry when water is becoming more and scarcer by using an interdisciplinary

approach. The interdisciplinary case takes prospective from the fields of agricultural leadership

and Organizational Leadership to highlight the matter that Agriculture in the county of Texas is

massive (Newell 2007). Individuals cannot not understand that close to everything that they

purchase relies on the agriculture sector and almost everything is in agriculture relies on water.

Agricultural leadership as well as Organization leadership work together and when it comes to

getting a solution to the crisis of water. With the decline of water how can anyone progress to

feed the national and the world safely and efficiently?

The paper will analyze the findings from research articles from conducting research.

These articles had several views as to the best way to solve and how the both effort from the two

disciplines can result to a remedy of the crisis of water in agriculture and other sectors in Texas

that rely on water. Dalin, C., Wada, Y., Kastner, T., & Puma, M. J. (2017) highlights the

impacts of groundwater to irrigated produce can result in the future in with regards to world food

supply and water resources. While several articles like Darko, R. O., Yuan, S., Hong, L., Liu, J.,

& Yan, H. (2015) concentrates on the necessity for efficient irrigation activities in the whole

world. Irrigation is an important factor in the development of less developed nations. better

planning and application of irrigation will not only enable third world nations to farm sustainable

products but allow the urban centers a chance to grow.by research of various articles, water was

frequently ranked as the highest priority. This research will greatly evaluate the articles in

relation to this matter applying the Rekpo’s ten-step process and will recommend several

insights.

FINAL RESEARCH PAPER 3

The agriculture sector relies on water. Both Organizational and agricultural Leadership

have a part to play in the in this issue. The globe we reside in presently is expanding at a great

rate. With the population of the world on a rapid improvement the question emerges how do we

progress to supply food to a growing population with critical issues like water shortage? The two

disciplines of Agriculture and Organizational Leadership will help in solving the following

concerns. How are the leaders in the agriculture sector planning on the matter of water shortage

and at the same time attempting to keep up with the demands of foods to assit in feeding an

expanding population? Also, what adjustments are organizational leaders developing to keep the

quantities of food production great with the respect to the matter of water sshortage? This

problem is too diverse only to be addressed by one discipline. By finding intellectual literature

from organizational leadership and agriculture leadership proffesionals we are able to develop

and enhance an understanding of the problem.

The disciplines to be applied in answering the concerns are agricultural and

Organizational Leadership. These disciplines will assist in examining what should be done,

what are the leaders in the Agriculture sector doing on the water problems in Texas? And what

are the Organizational leaders that rely on water doing on the problem of water preservation and

conservation? STEP ONE: Stating the focus of the research paper, my problem question is how

does Texas progress to grow in the agricultural sector when water is becoming more and scarcer?

Both disciplines to be applied are very similar but brings separate group sets of remedies that can

culminate and assist with the problem. A combined application from both disciplines will result

to a solution of the water problem in Texas and also other sectors in Texas that rely on water.

People may not realize that almost everything that they buy is dependent on the agriculture

FINAL RESEARCH PAPER 4

industry and dang near everything is dependent on water. Agricultural and Organization

leadership go hand and hand when it comes to finding a remedy to the water crisis.

STEP TWO is about justifying by the use of an Interdisciplinary method, the application

of several disciplines is needed in resolving the issue at hand. Since the issue is complicated,

significant recommendations or solutions of the issue are provided by several disciplines, not

even one discipline has been capable of addressing the matter of water thoroughly and remedy it,

and the issue is an unsolved need of the society. (Rekpo, 2012). The problem of water is a issue

that impacts to nearly every sector. This is why this issue needs to be remedied by multiple

discipline. Not only will Agriculture Leadership assist with getting a remedy in the Agriculture

sector but it will also allow leaders in other sectors (Organization Leadership) the extend of the

issue. By taking both disciplines it will enable individuals from all walks of life to influence the

growing issue. In my view the better approach to bring this problem in front of the community is

to strike down the simple experience. (This is where Organization and agricultural Leadership is

important). When an individual loves a pair of boots or blue jeans or something of that caliber

but the cost is high. The person will naturally reason that the seller is stealing from them. On the

contrary the fact of the issue is that the cost is high since the price of the products are high as

well. Water is usually not the main cause this occurs but it has an important role in the prices the

consumer experience daily. The leaders in agriculture and other industries understands that

insufficeint water is a problem, and this is the reason both disciplines have the better options for

playing a critical role in solving the problem.

STEP THREE is on Identify the relevant disciplines, the perspectives of the discipline is

every discipline’s specific opinion of reality in an overall sense. The first step in asserting that

disciplines have separate perspectives and the views from the world that are crucial to

FINAL RESEARCH PAPER 5

interdisciplinary comprehension. (Repko, 2012) Raymond C. Miller (2012) illustrates that

opinions should be the basic way of differentiating a single discipline from the other. There are

various disciplines that are potential to be applied in this research. Some of them are:

Organizational Leadership, communication, business leadership, Sociology and agricultural

leadership. When we have several potentially significant disciplines, it’s then critical to get the

disciplines that are of great relevant to the problem question (Rekpo2012) states that disciplines

which are of great relevance are the ones that are most directly linked to the issue, have produced

the most significant research on it, and have generated the most compelling reasons to elaborate.

In distinguishing disciplines that are of great relevance to the question, Organizational

Leadership and agricultural leadership are both applied (Newell 2007). Every of these disciplines

assists in solving the problem, the both main perspectives that I am interested in are Agricultural

leadership and Organizational Leadership, since am not like the majority of learned students

looking for a career after finishing school. As had highlighted initially I work for a business that

belongs to my family which is in the agricultural sector and is the profession I will love to major

in after graduating therefore the main reason why one of my perspective is Agricultural

Leadership. The second one is Organizational Leadership, this perspective will go togther with

my present carrer. I am young and with no experience in this sector and its typical standard. I am

convinced along with the experiences from these two disciplines it will give me the credibility

with other people that I will come along in the agricultural sector.

As I had said initially I am a University Student majoring with focused areas in

organizational leadership, Exercise Sports Science and agricultural leadership am yet to choose a

research approach or theory course in relation with my major areas, but I have undertaken

several research approaches studies while I was initial a student enrolled and attending the Texas

FINAL RESEARCH PAPER 6

Tech. The problem for the semester was water scarcity. My growing up livelihood was in the

agricultural sector. The agricultural sector relies on water. The two agricultural leadership and

Organizational Leadership are very important in solving this issue. My father is the son of an

Organization and agricultural Leader. To be a leader in the agricultural sector you have to be

consistent and with the ability to handle the bad times and the good times as well and be capable

of adapting to the present conditions and progress to prosperity. Similarly for each and every

organization and sector, not only an organization in agriculture industry. The two disciplines

directly connect to the difficulties I encounter presently in my everyday life and challenges I will

encounter in the coming future. But with the knowledge and understanding I have obtained from

individual experience and understanding I have acquired in the two disciplines it will enable me

to give the better chance of going through each and every difficult I encounter.

STEP FOUR of the Rekpo’s ten step is conducting a Literature Search. The literature

search is the progress of collecting intellectual information on a specific problem question.

(Rekpo, 2012) This is specifically difficult since disciplines are of varied and diverse nature. In

carrying out the literature search, it’s of significance to evaluate the literature from each and

every discipline and how it connects with the specific problem and the way it highlights some

diverse aspect of the topic issue. Literature research on this problem was conducted on four main

articles with two of the four articles analyzing the literature from the discipline of organizational

leadership and the other two articles evaluating the organizational leadership. The first literature

carried out concentrated on the necessity for adequate irrigation activities in the whole world.

Irrigation is a significant practice in the growth of third world nations. Better strategizing and

application of irrigation will not only enable the third world nations to develop a sustainable

FINAL RESEARCH PAPER 7

supply of food but also allow their towns a chance to grow. Irrigation and security of food are the

main central focal points in the literature search.

With the population increasing every day and more non-agricultural applications of water

feeding an expandingworld is becoming an issue. And this is the reason that experts on the

literature compel for the effective application of irrigation water. On the other hand in one of the

organizational leadership discipline articles, the writer in the article posts a question that can

technology assist in supporting drought risk decrease with respect to agriculture(Newell 2007).

We have several technologies applied to forecast the weather seasons across the whole world.

The issue addressed in the journal is the problem of utilizing and getting the information offered

by the technology in use currently. With people not being able to apply the knowledge are

required it becomes impossible for organizations to develop sufficient policies into action when

drought emerges. When drought arises it impacts not solely on the agriculture farmers but also

destroys the world sustainability of food.

STEP FIVE of the Rekpo’s ten step process is developing adequacy in each and every

relevant Discipline, in the interdisciplinary process, step five comprises of developing adequacy

in each and every relevant discipline. By adequacy in the interdisciplines it implies

understanding more on the discipline to obtain a primary comprehension of how it outlines and

illustrates and categorizes the problem question (Rekpo, 2012) he states that a comprehensive

understanding is not required, rather, a comprehending sufficiency of every relevant discipline to

choose which of its significant components solves the issue. When adequacy is there in every

discipline, recommendations offered by disciplinary views are compared. Agriculture leadership

is the discipline that I have decided in evaluating the problem of water. It is specifically what the

FINAL RESEARCH PAPER 8

topic of discipline state it is. It is a discipline that concentrates on leadership in the field of

agriculture.

Most individuals after hearing about leadership in agriculture they think of Majority

people when they here agricultural leadership they think of United States Department of

Agriculture. As much as they the main leader in the field of agriculture ranchers, farmers and

also beef processors should wear the hat to get success. As agriculture is dependent on water,

water is significant each and every agriculture activities across the world and the evaluations that

has been conducted supports this. The research conducted in the agriculture sector is majorly

quantitative. Leaders in the sector are concerned on the are numbers Communications, P. A.

(2016, February 29). For instance a farmer can grow a corn in west Texas. when the farmer is not

obtaining sufficient water from the his sources or from his better to compel water to his points

then he runs the expense of burning the corn up or not having great produce which implies

decrease pay.

The corn farmer then has to focus on the numbers it will cost to have a deeper well with

respect to the output of the crop Communications, P. A. (2016, February 29). What the

agricultura leaders are attempting and will continue attempting to do forever is to get a mean for

farmers to generate higher crop yields that require less water in flourishing. Introduction of

GMO’s have been a better step in the proper direction. With farmers now being able to grow a

GMO crop that needs less water and generate greater yields. The problem agriculture leaders are

not aware of is that when the frmers in areas with scarcity of water run out of the water to even

enough to supply the GMO crops. Am convinced the job of agricultural leaders in the field of

agriculture is continuing in the proper path to solve the issue the individuals in the field of

agriculture are encountering. GMO products are a step in the proper path. Research should

FINAL RESEARCH PAPER 9

progress to assist crops in flourishing in the regions facing scarcity of water. Am convinced that

leadership in agriculture is the most signifcant discipline in relation to the problem of water.

With lack of water for growing the crops it will result in the world full of hunger and econmic

challenges.

STEP SIX of the interdisciplinary approach is on analyzing the problem and evaluating

the various insight into the problem. Step six in Repko’s ten-step approach is analyzing the

problem and evaluating the recommendations. In this phase we analyze the issue from each and

every prospective of discipline and migrate from the overall to the specific. From each

perspective of disciplines on the issue in the overall sense to its specific insights into the matter

(Repko, 2012) the phase is significant as it allows for preparation in the incorporations of

insights. When it comes to agriculture water becomes an important contribution. How the

problem of water lies into the discipline of Agricultural Leadership is that with the population of

the world expanding and increasing agriculture sector is encountered with the work of generating

sufficient crops to assist in feeding the growing population of the world.

With sources of water becoming scarce the work of crop production becomes a very

worrying problem in the agricultural sector. Simply with lack of water, implies no crop

harvesting, which in relations eventually results to a world full of hunger. How the problem of

water shortage fits in my discipline of Organizational Leadership is that most nations that are

dependent on true sources of water for not solely their economic survival but for the survival of

their nations. Several states survival relies on crops they produce. The issue that leaders in these

developing nationsface is with limited resources should solve and find a way to continue

surviving with water a limited and scarce resource. agricultural leaders and organizational

FINAL RESEARCH PAPER 10

leaders should be able to get remedies to do away with the crisis of water which is taken a total

toll on the population of the world.

Dalin, C., Wada, Y., Kastner, T., & Puma, M. J. (2017). The article highlights the

impacts of groundwater and irrigated crops will have in the future with respect to world supply

of food and groundwater resources. During these current period nations that are applying

groundwater in irrigation of their crops are profiting from the profits they are acquiring from

exporting the produce. The matter is how long can these nations continue to raise these produce

before finsishing their groundwater source completely. The exhaustion of the groundwater is a

dangerous risk to our world supply of food. Sustainable source of water with respect to

agriculture and the global supply of food is a crictical idea in this article. The scholrals in this

article have the ability of identifying the main crops and nations that are influenzing the

groundwater exhaustion. With business being the major force in generating these produce that

are reliant on groundwater global irirgation. GWD has improved with twenty two percent in the

last ten years. The experts from the article shows that solutions for this issue like planting much

drought-resistant produce and enhancing irrigation sufficiency should be incorporated to sustain

world food generation and the groundwater resources.

Darko, R. O., Yuan, S., Hong, L., Liu, J., & Yan, H. (2015). This research literature

concentrates on the necessity for efficient irrigation activities across the globe. With irrigation

being a critical part of growth in the developing nations. Better strategizing and application of

irrigation will not only enable the third world nations to develop a sustainable supply of food but

also allow their towns a chance to grow. Irrigation and security of food are the main central focal

points in the literature search. Advanced technologies offers a chance for the world population to

solve the problem of scarcity of water. Advanced technologies will enable nations in the regions

FINAL RESEARCH PAPER 11

of scarce water to utilize properly irrigation. It will also allow farmers the ability to get greater

yields with produce with reduced usage of water. There have been several unsuccessful trials in

bringing irrigation to other areas of the globe. With an expanding population of the globe

effective management of resources of water should be implemented to keep up with the world

demands on food.

Fereres, E., Orgaz, F., & Gonzalez-Dugo, V. (2011). With predictions demonstrating that

the population will progressively increase at a massive rate the demands for food will also be on

increase. Availability of water for the production of food is a basic concern of the writers in the

article. The concern raised by the writers is if the production of food will be able to catch up with

the increasing population and at what expense. Land for agriculture usage is almost diminishing

because of urbanization. Together with the problem of scarcity of water leaders in agriculture are

having the problem of producing much tonnage from less land. Irrigation activities play an

important part in satisfying the future demands of food. The issue addressed in this article is that

as much as production of food depends greatly on irrigated crops sources of water are growing

scarce. Allocation strategies on water should be developed to handle the scarcity.

STEP SEVEN of the interdisciplinary approach is about identifying conflict between

insights and their various sources with the immediate issue for Interdisciplinary is in identifying

conflicts between several disciplinary insights on the issue. An individual cannot put together

two objects that are exactly similar or have identical characteristics. Integration can be

accomplished only between objects or things which are distinct, whether the differences seem

small or impossible. More so, integration emerges from controversy, difference and conflict

(Repko, 2012) the differences in assumptions of disciplinary offer a large likelihood for

differences between disciplines.

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STEP EIGHT of the interdisciplinary approach is on Creating a Common Ground. Phase

eight of Repko’s ten-step process allows for developing a common ground among differences in

theories and ideas. Whether an individual is concentrating on the theories or ideas, common

ground is developed through modifying differences directly or through their relevant

assumptions (Repko, 2012). Hence, the major goal in developing common ground is reconciling

and eventually put together different assumptions allowing mutual communication among the

disciplines. Redefining and modifying the ideas in several articles and contexts to come up with

a common understanding from the two disciplinary fields. In every of the literatures, distinct

terms has been used, scarcity and irrigation techniques and ground water sources to elaborate the

issue of water and the significance of groundwater sources to irrigation and the availability of

water for use in food production. As realized initially, each of the two discipline has created its

own technical terminology to illustrate the issue in this research paper. Because each and every

discipline has its different terms to express the ideas, it is a necessity for the interdisciplinary

approach to develop common terms to enhance communication in the disciplines. (Repko, 2012).

STEP NINE of the Rekpo’s ten step interdisciplinary process focuses on constructing a

More Comprehensive Understanding. In this phase of interdisciplinary process, the part of

integration by constructing understanding on theory is achieved. Rekpo (2012) states that only

after theories and ideas are modified then we can take our attention to the process of constructing

a more thorough comprehension that is laid out as a result. The putting together that might

happen in this phase is the results of recommendations from the two disciplines of agricultural

leadership and organizational leadership. The question we must answer is on the way these new

recommendations, connecting each discipline to the problem, influence a well comprehension of

the concerned question. The organizational leadership discipline of the problem illustrates how

FINAL RESEARCH PAPER 13

the agricultural leaders like the farmers, ranchers and meat processors can enhance their produce

by implementing sufficient irrigation practices , while organizational leadership on the other

hand, is the integrated application of organizational development, training and career growth

efforts to enhance personal, organizational and team effectiveness.

STEP TEN of the Rekpo’s ten step interdisciplinary process focuses on communicating

the results. Phase ten of the interdisciplinary research progressive steps being the final phase

comprises of testing, reflection and finally communication of the comprehension and

recommendations as part of the conclusion. In the reflection of this interdisciplinary research

process, various differences in opinions and views have emerged. Nevertheless, the main

consistent that has been a priority in the most arguments and findings in this research paper on

this problem question is that availability of water for the production of food is a basic concern.

Both agricultural leadership and organizational leadership disciplines agrees that

applying the advanced technologies into agriculture will assist in enhancing and facilitating food

production, as the new advanced technologies will assist agriculture leaders in proper utilization

of irrigation. There are several new advanced technologies applied in forecasting weather

seasons across the globe. Further the question that emerged and was answered in this research

final paper is the problem of obtaining and proper utilization of the information offered by the

new advanced technologies currently in application today. Without the information being used as

required it makes it hard for organizations and corporations to develop sufficient plans into

action and solve the problem of scarcity of water in the world and maintain a sustainable and

reliable food supply, with drought or no drought.

FINAL RESEARCH PAPER 14

References

Communications, P. A. (2016, February 29). Study: Eliminating GMOs would take toll on

environment, economies. Retrieved February 19, 2018, from

https://www.purdue.edu/newsroom/releases/2016/Q1/study-eliminating-gmos-would-take-toll-

on-environment,-economies.html

Dalin, C., Wada, Y., Kastner, T., & Puma, M. J. (2017). Corrigendum: -366 Groundwater

depletion embedded in international food trade. Nature, 553(7688), pp. 366. EBSCO. Accessed

12 September 2018

Darko, R. O., Yuan, S., Hong, L., Liu, J., & Yan, H. (2015). Irrigation, a productive tool for food

security – a review. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science, 66(3),

pp. 191-206. EBSCO. Accessed 13 September 2018

Enenkel, M., See, L., Bonifacio, R., Boken, V., Chaney, N., Vinck, P. . . . Anderson, M. (2015).

Drought and food security – Improving decision-support via new technologies and innovative

collaboration. Global Food Security, 4, pp. 51-55. EBSCO. Accessed 15 September 2018

Fereres, E., Orgaz, F., & Gonzalez-Dugo, V. (2011). Reflections on food security under water

scarcity. Journal of Experimental Botany, 62(12), pp. 4079-4086. EBSCO. Accessed 12

September 2018

Newell, W. H. (2007). Decision making in interdisciplinary studies. In G. MorCol (Ed.),

Handbook of decision making (pp.245-264). New York: Marcel-Dekker

Miller, R. C. (2012). Varieties of interdisciplinary approaches in the social sciences. Issues in

Integrative Studies, 1, 1-37.

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Repko, A. and Szostak, R. (2017). Interdisciplinary research: Process and theory. (3rd ed.), Los

Angeles, CA: Sage.

Repko, Allen F. (2008) Interdisciplinary Research: Process and Theory. Thousand Oaks, CA:

Sage.

Research Centre of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University,

Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People’s Republic of China; b Department of Agricultural

Engineering, University of Cape Coast, Central Region, Cape Coast, Ghana

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