Genetic Testing In Chronic Pain Patients

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Genetic Testing in Chronic Pain Patients

Chronicpain is a challenging medical condition and one of the leading causes ofmorbidity

and mortality around the globe. Individuals often suffer persistent and life-altering pain. Besides,

they frequently experience oncologic and psychological co-morbidities, which further complicate

their conditions. Medical researchers have established a vicious cycle of chronic pain that

comprises pain, avoidance behaviors, decreased mobility, an altered functional status, diminished

self-efficacy, and social limitations among the patients. Unrelieved pain causes psychological

and physiological effects on patients (Rodieux et al. 163). As such, integration of genetic testing

in pain management is critical. This paper examines the role of genetic testing in chronic pain

management.

Pharmacogenetic testing (PT) is a huge step towards chronic pain management. It

replaces the trial-and-error methods of medication therapy, which contribute to the long-term

effects of uncontrolled pain. Medical practitioners can enhance patient outcomes by determining

the genetic determinants that influence response to medicines (Rodieux et al. 163). Genetic

testing has reduced preventable morbidity and mortality that stem from drug-drug and patient-

drug interactions. Also, integrating genetic testing in chronic pain management provides a cost-

effective care as it eludes inappropriate medications, increases patient safety, satisfaction, and

safe medication.

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Patients with chronic pain may respond differently to the same therapeutic prescription

due to their genetic variations (Kapur et al. 1170). For instance, one patient may experience pain

relief while the other might still be in pain after receiving a similar treatment. Genetic testing

helps physicians to determine dosage and the type of medication that can efficaciously treat

different patients. Genetic variations are responsible for thefailure of trial-and-error treatment

methods thatdominate pain management (De Gregori et al. 248). Nevertheless,

pharmacogenomics has helped medical practitioners to explore the ways in which inherited or

acquired genetic differences determine individuals’ interactions with medication therapy.Kapur

et al. assert that the fundamental aim of pharmacogenetic testing is to enhance chronic pain

management through customized drugtreatment for individual patients (1178). A proper

understanding of thegenetic makeup of patients is the first step in determining the type of

medication.

There are various acknowledged genetic societies globally including the Professional

Society (PRO), and the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) among

others, which have established guidelines for genetic testing and the administration of opioid

analgesics that determine genetic makeup and their influence on dosages (De Gregori et al. 247).

The testing takes into account additional factors such as age, other medications administered

lifestyle, diet, nutrition, environment, and drug addiction among others (Rodieux et al. 163).

Chronic pain caretakers follow the guidelines to determineways of administeringmedication

therapy to genetically variantpatients efficaciously than ever before.

Conclusion

Chronic pain results in many unanticipated healthcare outcomes in many countries

around the world. Recent research indicates that genetic testing is a major booster for chronic

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pain management. Trial-and-error pain treatment methods are responsible for the co-morbidities

and mortality rates among patients with chronic pain. Nevertheless, an emerging area of study

called pharmacogenomics suggests that genetic testing of patients can determine how patients are

likely to respond to medication therapy. Hence, chronic pain managers can administer drugs

when they are confident about their outcomes.

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Works Cited

Kapur, Bhushan M., Prateek K. Lala, and Julie L.V. Shaw. "Review: Pharmacogenetics of

Chronic Pain Management." Clinical Biochemistry(2014): 1169-1187. Print.

Rodieux, F, Piguet, V, Berney, P, Desmeules, J, & Besson."Pharmacogenetics and

AnalgesicEffects of Antidepressants in Chronic Pain Management." Personalized

Medicine 2 (2015): 163. Print.

De Gregori M, De Gregori S, Ranzani G, Allegri M, Govoni S, Regazzi M.nuela"Individualizing

Pain Therapy With Opioids: The Rational Approach Based On Pharmacogenetics and

Pharmacokinetics." European Journal of Pain Supplements 4.Acute and Chronic Pain:

Where we are and where we have to go (2010): 245-250. Print.

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