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which is the reason the world experiences the el niño (prolonged and heavy rainy season) or la
niña (long sunny spell) (“What is global warming?”; Luber and Prudent 111-112).
Deforestation is also a contributing factor in climate change. People often cut down trees for
house construction, paper manufacture, fuel, and furniture. As Mishra, et al. (248) note, trees
play the crucial role of absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. However, the absence of
adequate forest cover to absorb emitted gases means that carbon dioxide will remain in the
atmosphere and damage the ozone layer (Luber and Prudent 114). Eventually, the heat of the sun
will burn the bare earth surface more, cause wanton water evaporation, and droughts.
Human industrial activities contribute to climate change too. Most machines in factories run
on fossil fuel. For instance, garment, car, and mobile making industrial plants release a lot of
carbon dioxide. Coupled with the automobile fuel exhausts, the carbon dioxide can bring heat
waves and extremes temperature fluctuations, explain Luber and Prudent (115).
Mining has negative effects on climate. During the mining process, methane becomes
entrapped in the Earth’s belly, only to cause heat waves later, observe Mishra et al. (239). Even
the rearing of cattle can enhance global warming because livestock manure comprises methane, a
gas that causes global warming.
Global warming can be amplified by urbanization and the built environment. Luber and
Prudent (2009) present the details of how cities attract about 1.3 million more dwellers every
week. Rapid urbanization, argue Luber and Prudent (2009), will enhance “increases thermal-
storage capacity, known as the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect.” Road infrastructure and cities
have a significant contribution to UHI and climate change.
