GLOBALIZATION AND COLD WAR Final

GLOBALIZATION AND COLD WAR

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Introduction

The western culture is the inheritance of societal standards, moral principles, traditional

customs, conviction structures, dogmatic structures, and definite pieces of art and know-hows

which have their beginning in Europe or related to it.

This mainly encompasses Europe,

America and at times western Russia. Globalization is a culture on itself or a group of cultures

which is known globally due to its economic, social and political factors. Its recognition may be

in form of its presence elsewhere, its cultural practices elsewhere or mixing in the population of

others elsewhere. International terrorism on the other hand has been likened to a bad neighbor

who you don’t know when he will strike. It has put everything and everyone on high alert

changing our way of living. Governments, businesses and people are all at risk given the

example of incidences like the 9/11 or the London bombing. It brings the feeling of vulnerability.

Cold war on the hand, has made the U.S and the Soviet Union to be in antagonistic lock heads

with each claiming to be better off than the other leading to aggravated security threats of the

two world super powers in terms of warheads

. This has had both positive and detrimental effects

on the western countries in a bid to protect its people.

Influence of globalization on western culture

Globalization interconnects the world through various processes as telecommunication,

transport, economic development, trade and information sharing platform making it a global

village through the use of technology. The influence of globalization on any culture comes in

two fold. It can be positive where people of a particular culture get the chance for a collective

Wang, Mendy. (2007).

Engelhardt, (2007).

identity through socialization, job creation, self-representation, mobilization and empowerment

or it can be negative where through misrepresentation, people of a certain culture get

disempowered, loss of self-identity and even modern day colonialism.

For globalization to be said to have an effect in the western culture, its influence should

not remove or replace the culture that is already in existence but instead it’s more of merging and

mixing. fashion and dressing, lifestyle and communication, administrative systems and

education, social equation etc

. Because of Globalization, the world has made great strides in

transport and communication, migration, trade and the flow of culture into other countries hence

assists in disseminating knowledge and understanding form people all over the world. The

western countries are especially rich in such diversity and have a huge influence on globalization

maybe due to its imperialism. Terrorism has had its share boost due to globalization and the

western nations are not immune to it.

People now have exceptional access to different cultures unlike before

where they get to

experience new things. When such interaction are not monitored, it may lead to harmful

consequences on the home cultures for both the visiting and the visited. For instance,

stereotyping, culture loss, misrepresentation and loss of intellectual properties. Further influences

include over exploitation leading to interference with the societal and cultural values. In the

western countries, globalization may lead to colonialism. Not the type that a certain nation has

jurisdiction over the other but it can be seen through a shift in lifestyle, code of dressing, eating

habits, housing designs, socialization, education, administration or even speech like language.

Sairin. (2011).

Smith. (2000).

On the other hand, since western countries are the “mirrors of the world”, others may tend to

copy the western countries all as a result of globalization. For instance, the English dialect is now

spoken and taught all over the world. This has made people from all over to migrate to such

countries but when they do, because of the inferiority of their culture in a foreign country, they

often find themselves being overexploited as social workers and with time, their home culture

fades off.

On the other hand, globalization offers an opportunity for communities to make their

voices heard for instance through the use of technological media. It allows social and political

previously not seen to be brought to the lime light and embrace it. Universal cognizance offers a

lot of paybacks, comprising of close scrutiny of administrative policies, admission to schooling

opportunities, standards of living, prejudices and discrimination which results to states from

abroad to bestow pressure on necessitating change in the country in question. Social cognizance

results to compassion, sympathy and open-mindedness, while on the other hand international

markets can result to jobs, commercial and scholastic opportunities

Influence of cold war on western culture

Due to their antagonistic standoffs, U.S and the Soviet Union came at lock heads with

each claiming to be better than the other one. U.S stood for it capitalism and democracy while

the Soviet Union advocated for authoritarianism and communism form of governance and doing

business. This lead to a cold war between the two that later became a matter of global concern

after World War II

. The cold war made it possible for technological advancements especially in

Ely and David (2001).

Held et al, (2000).

warfare which shapes the military activities up to date e.g. the development of long range

missiles and heavy bombers nuclear warheads and arsenals and great expenditure on defensive

systems. The Hollywood film industry also had a boost in its business as the government

encouraged and motivated the production of anti-communism movies

which progressively

shaped the thinking and attitude of the Americans towards Russians. Some of the newly formed

or freed states up to date experience the heftiness of the inherited expenses, commitments and

resources for the support of their former country in case war breaks out. This has made these

western nations to deprive its citizens with the much needed basic facilities like cheap healthcare

and job creation at the expense of war craft. Other than that, because of the cold war,

infrastructure was taken to the next level of advancement e.g. interstate highway systems in the

U.S, advancement in Telecommunication also made it possible for intercontinental commerce

and made markets and businesses to flourish

Influence of international terrorism on western culture

Terrorism has in the recent past been the talk of the day with tomorrow being a misery.

The western side of the world has especially been prone to terrorism with the examples of 9/11

attack, Bali, Madrid and London bombing. Terrorism has been responsible for quite a chunk of

deaths of innocent people at about 10000 people each year. It is defines as threat or definite

usage of unlawful power and ferocity by a person not representing the government to accomplish

Held et al. (2000).

Kirby (2000).

a dogmatic, commercial, sacred or societal objective by use of terror, compulsion or extortion

. It

takes different shapes and forms from buildings bombing, airline and high ranking personnel

hijacking and cyber bullying and theft.

International terrorism has shaped up the economic, political and cultural practices of the

western people a great deal. For instance, due to the heightened security alert, people leave in

fear. The governments have beefed up security and vigorous scrutiny is done for immigrants and

anyone who seems like a stranger. Buildings and streets have been installed with CCTV’s to

detect and monitor dubious activities. Importation of weapon making materials have increased in

the recent past and more jobs have been created especially in the police and army departments at

the local, state and federal levels to beef up security and enhance quicker response to security

threats. The political stand-off of non-negotiation with terrorists has put the western countries in

a position of high risk target. The government has at times even gone to extreme paranoid

measures of suspecting all Muslims of involvement in terrorism. The culture of the Muslims in

the western countries is also drastically being interfered with because of the wrong image

terrorism sets. This has resulted to some people resulting to wearing normal attires rather than

the normal attires that identify Muslims.

Conclusion

Cold war and international terrorism have shaped up things mainly in the dogmatic and

commercial arena in the western nations but none of them has had so much influence as

globalization. Globalization has the most effect on the western culture. This is because of the

Neumayer and Thomas. (2009).

ease of mobility, trade, communication and general interaction between people of different

nationalities and cultures. The economic, political and cultural norms are all shaped up by

globalization. Be it the form of governance, the manner of doing business, lifestyle and dressing

or even education and interactions. The modern day world is shaped by advancements in

technology and everything is so close to everyone.

Bibliography

Ely, Robin J., and David A. Thomas. "Cultural diversity at work: The effects of diversity

perspectives on work group processes and outcomes." Administrative science

quarterly46, no. 2 (2001): 229-273.

Kirby, Dianne. "Divinely sanctioned: the Anglo-American cold war alliance and the defence of

Western civilization and Christianity, 1945–48." Journal of Contemporary History 35,

no. 3 (2000): 385-412.

Neumayer, Eric, and Thomas Plümper. "International terrorism and the clash of

civilizations." British journal of political science 39, no. 4 (2009): 711-734.

Engelhardt, Tom. The end of victory culture: Cold war America and the disillusioning of a

generation. Univ of Massachusetts Press, 2007.

Sairin, Sjafri. "Modernization and westernization: A never-ending discourse in

indonesia." Journal of Governance and Development 7 (2011): 1-7.

Wang, Mendy. "Eastern vs. Western Culture." FLL Mosaic. Retreived on the 27 (2007).

Smith, Claire, and Graeme Ward, eds. Indigenous cultures in an interconnected world. UBC

Press, 2000.

Held, David, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton. "Global

transformations: Politics, economics and culture." In Politics at the Edge, pp. 14-28.

Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2000.

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