Guest Hospitality And Safety

Running head: HOSPITALITY 1

Title of Paper

Your Name

Institution Name

HOSPITALITY 2

Annotated Bibliography

Herman B. Leonard, Christine M. Cole, Arnold M. Howitt, & Philip B. Heymann (2014).

Why was Boston strong? Lessons from the Boston marathon bombarding. HARVARD

Kennedy School, HARVARD Kennedy School.

The article begins by explaining the reason behind the rapidly increasing interest in

the Special Forces on issues of Command Structure and Coordination and its rising

need. Later on it unravels the events which led to the bombing at the Boston

Marathon which includes three phases. Firstly, the bombing itself and the three

simultaneous responses triggered which comprised of the medical response, the law

enforcement responses, and finally the community carrying response. The second

phase included the investigation of the event and managing all of the

communications associated with it. Thirdly the articles mentions how and when the

authorities captured the culprits for the bombing. This entire process lasted for

approximately five days. Lastly, the article shows various strengths and weaknesses

of the required triggered responses to the event based on their effectiveness and

efficiency along with their performance.

Nishant Kishore, Domingo Marqués, Ayesha Mahmud, Mathew V. Kiang, Irmary Rodriguez,

Arlan Fuller, Peggy Ebner, Cecilia Sorensen, Fabio Racy, Jay Lemery, Leslie Maas,

Jennifer Leaning. (2018). Mortality in Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria. The New

England Journal of Medicine.

This journal article is based on the effects of natural calamities and disasters on the

society and the recovery after such incidents with respect to the public health

services and the infrastructure of the afflicted area. It focuses specifically on the

hurricane Maria which was the cause of a massive destruction at Puerto Rico. The

article mentions that the official death toll is 64. Moreover, the researchers

conducted a survey based on stratified sampling of approximately 3300 randomly

chosen households all over Puerto Rico. The results of the survey showed that a

total of 4645 deaths and a mortality rate of 14.3% approx. with the confidence

interval of 95%. The article concluded that the actual number of deaths that

HOSPITALITY 3

occurred due to the Hurricane Maria is seventy times (approximately) more than the

reported figure of 64 individuals.

HOSPITALITY 4

In case of life-endangering incidents within any area, the security and safety of the

people is of paramount importance. The two most recent examples of such incidents include

the bombing of the Boston Marathon along with the Hurricane at Puerto Rico. Both of these

incidents involved the lives of innocent civilians in harm’s way. Moreover, places where such

incidents occur used to pay less attention towards the guest’s security who had been staying

there in the past years. However, recently they have improved their levels of security and

safety to ensure that the impact of the incident is minimized.

In the first case of bombing at Boston Marathon on the 15th of April 2013, three

individuals were killed while more than 260 other people were injured (Herman B. Leonard,

2014). The incident included two bombs which went off near the finish line of the marathon.

Moreover, there were two suspects out of which one was caught by the name of Dzhokhar

Tsarnaev aged 19 years old, while the other suspect named Tamerlan Tsarnaev aged 26 years

old had been shot during a shootout with the local authorities of the state. The brotherly duo

has spent most of their childhood in the former Soviet Republic of Kyrgyzstan which is

where they learned how to make the bombs.

The Boston Marathon is a popular event for the people of Boston held on Patriot’s day

which is based on commemorates of the 1775 battles which lead to the revolutionary war and

the independence. This Marathon had been a part of that culture for almost over a century and

15th April 2013 marked its 117th running. It involved a 26.2-mile race which started at 9:32

am that day. Moreover, at approximately 2:49 pm almost 5600 runners were still in the race

while the bomb designed by the two brothers exploded and injured over 260 people and

killed 3 spectators. However, it took almost 2 years to prove that the surviving brother was

indeed guilty. Apart from the relatively slow response of the law enforcement, the health and

medical authorities had a relatively quicker and more efficient response which were able to

aid individuals and take them to the hospitals.

In the second case of Hurricane Maria almost 4645 deaths occurred, while officially

only 64 were reported (McGinley, 2018). Moreover, the damage that it caused was of almost

$90 billion, which more than the previous Hurricane Irma and Harvey. Four days prior to the

landfall the National Hurricane Center had anticipated that a tropical storm might be forming

in the open oceans while it was still several hundred miles away from the land. It was

reported as the “Potential Tropical Cyclone” by the authorities. Later that evening it was

confirmed that the potential tropical cyclone had an estimate of fifty mile-per-hour winds

(Nishant Kishore, 2018). On the following day, three days before the landfall the area of

HOSPITALITY 5

Puerto Rico was alerted as the main target for the natural disaster. On the next day, the

authorities reported that it the maximum wind power had reached up to 90 mile-per-hour and

that there was a chance of it turning into a category-5 status disaster. However, later that

night the air force recorded a speed of 160 mile-per-hour and confirming the prediction that it

might turn into a category 5 status. However, when Maria hit the coast of Puerto Rico, it

showed a 155 mile-per-hour speed, making it a category 4 storm, but still one of the deadliest

since 1932. However, the problem started after the storm when the Government had failed to

restore power for almost six to eight months. It was three days after the landfall that the San

Juan had reopened and 11 ships loaded with water, cots, and dozens of generators had

arrived. The Coast was completely cut off due to the telephones lines and internet lines both

being heavily damaged. Along with that eighty-five percent of the cell towers had failed to

work too. Although Puerto Rico is an unincorporated U.S. territory it was not shown a very

keen response in its time of need.

The effect of such incidents lays an impact on all of the industries of that state. In case

of the hospitality industry, the safety of hospitality guests has greatly improved. Not only

were the local laws redesigned to ensure the security of the public but to ensure the security

of the hospitality guests the Foreign Intelligence Services had amended the laws and further

lowered the bar of government intervention within foreign affairs.

The local authorities have also been more vigilant of such occurrence ever since the

bombing at Boston. For instance, the 26.2-mile race would be videotaped and the security

would require every individual’s bag and personal items checked before entering or even

attending the marathon (Phelps, 2018). In addition to that, the more high-priority guests

would be required to keep a guard along with their side at all times for their own safety and

protection. Not only did Police Chief Kenneth Green add more security for this specific event

but in general throughout the state. He stated during a press conference that “We banded

together, we struggled through it and we come out stronger” (Phelps, 2018).

On the other hand, in the case of Puerto Rico, the response towards not only hospitality

guests was slow, rather it was more or less non-existent. President Trump said that “They

expect that everything is done for them” which shows that the U.S. was not as cooperative to

lend a hand and assist them but it highly reluctant (Meyer, 2017).

The development of the hospitality of foreign as well as local guests was almost instant

and quite significant within the U.S. soil. However, the case was quite different when it

HOSPITALITY 6

comes to its “extra” territories. The U.S. had focused greatly on its security ever since the

terrorist attacks began on September 11, 2001, and it continued to improve its security at each

step. However, the major improvement began after the Bali attack which was specifically

focused on the hotels and other hospitality organizations.

Across the globe, the countries which had a more powerful economy had also followed

in their footsteps by implementing similar strategies such as China, England, et cetera.

Furthermore, these security precautions were mainly focused on by the government itself of

that country, while the hotel owners themselves followed along. However, the countries

which lack in such economic stability and lack of proper funding, the matter of security was

not as effectively focused on as compared to the countries which were stronger. The results of

the finding do agree with the survey results on the basis that the areas which lacked findings

were unable to attend to this dire and perhaps the most important needs of the modern world.

On the other hand, the major rise in security was amongst the extremely financially stable

areas.

In short, there have been major improvements within legislation and the laws all across

the world to increase the safety and security of the people, but so far the successful

implementation of such laws has only been in the extremely financially and economically

stable areas. While the areas which are less fortunate still are at a risk of security due to lack

of proper funding.

HOSPITALITY 7

References

Campo-Flores, A. (2018). New Study Puts Hurricane Maria Death Toll in Puerto Rico at

4,600. Wall Street Journal.

Herman B. Leonard, C. M. (2014). Why was Boston strong? Lessons from the Boston

marathon bombarding. HARVARD Kennedy School, HARVARD Kennedy School.

McGinley, A. R. (2018, May 29). Harvard study estimates thousands died in Puerto Rico

because of Hurricane Maria. The Washington Post.

Meyer, R. (2017, October 04). What's Happening With the Relief Effort in Puerto Rico? The

Atlantic.

Nishant Kishore, D. M. (2018). Mortality in Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria. The New

England Journal of Medicine.

Phelps, J. (2018, April 03). Five years since Boston Marathon bombings, security remains

priority. Metro News Daily.

Place new order. It's free, fast and safe

Paper type

Deadline

Page count

550 words

Total price: $ 15.00

Our customers say

Jeff Curtis

USA, Student

"I'm fully satisfied with the essay I've just received. When I read it, I felt like it was exactly what I wanted to say, but couldn’t find the necessary words. Thank you!"

Ian McGregor

UK, Student

"I don’t know what I would do without your assistance! With your help, I met my deadline just in time and the work was very professional. I will be back in several days with another assignment!"

Shannon Williams

Canada, Student

"It was the perfect experience! I enjoyed working with my writer, he delivered my work on time and followed all the guidelines about the referencing and contents."

Guest hospitality and safety

Place new order. It's free, fast and safe

Our customers say

Jeff Curtis

Ian McGregor

Shannon Williams