Lab Report Biology

Running Head: LAB REPORT 1

Lab report

Name:

University affiliations:

Date:

LAB REPORT 2

Lab Report

Question

 Effects of exercises on heart rate and blood pressure

 What happens to the heart rate and blood pressure during exercise and at rest?

Hypothesis

During rest, the heartbeat ranges around 70-80 per minute, and after exercise, the heart

rate elevates than normal. Besides, blood pressure increases during exercise.

After the experiment, the heart rate, as well as the blood pressure, should be higher than the

typical ranges.

Materials

Sphygmomanometer

Stethoscope

Stopwatch

Procedure

i. Give three people labels indicated ABC

ii. The three people should be put to rest for at least minutes

iii. Measure the blood pressure of all the subjects as well as listen to their heart rates using a

stethoscope

iv. Subject A and B to ride bicycles for at least five minutes

v. Measure the blood pressure of all the subjects including subject C that was at rest using

the sphygmomanometer and record.

vi. Use the stethoscope to listen to the heart rates of all subjects, A, B and C, and record.

vii. Let subject A continue riding the bicycle and B to rest for five minutes.

viii. After five minutes, stop subject A and measure his blood pressure using the

sphygmomanometer.

ix. Measure the blood pressure of subjects B and C as well using the sphygmomanometer

and record.

x. Using the stethoscope, listen to the heart rates of all the subjects and record the number of

heartbeats per minute.

Observations

After bicycle riding, the subjects showed an increased breathing rate.

Results

i. Subject labeled A had a blood pressure of 115/76, B- 121/79, and C- 115/78.

ii. Subject A, B, and C had heartbeats of 65, 71 and 68 respectively after resting for

20minutes

iii. After riding the bicycle, A had a blood pressure of 130/85, B 136/88, and C had 115/78.

Heartbeats were recorded 177, 165 and 68 respectively.

iv. After five additional minutes riding, subject A measures a blood pressure of 135/87, and

heart rate of 177.

v. Subject B and C after a five-minute rest measure a blood pressure of 108/70 and 115/78

respectively.

vi. The heart beats counted 179, 66 and 65 respectively.

Discussion

Exercises increase the involuntary biological activities of the body, such as respiration.

During a vigorous exercise, the body needs more oxygen to convert biochemical energy from

body nutrients into energy and waste products. The energy helps the body to function at optimum

LAB REPORT 3

level. As a result, heart rate, as well as blood pressure, increases significantly to cater for the

necessary metabolic activities of the body (Zhang, Pi, & Liu, 2015). In the experiment, three

people are used to ensure efficiency of results. Subject A and B are used to determine the after

effects of exercises to the body. Subject A was used as a control, or reference point for the

results.

All the subjects were put to rest for at least 25 minutes to ensure that the results were

accurate if the subjects were from a strenuous activity before the time of the experiment, the

results could be wrong and inaccurate (Kokkinos, 2014). All the subjects had normal blood

pressure and heart rates since the body could maintain its activities without any strain.

After riding the bicycle, the heart rates and blood pressure of subject A and B rose

significantly to 130/85, 136/88, with heartbeats of 177, 165 respectively. The increase was

marked by the increase of body activities and respiration. The body needs more oxygen to

convert body nutrients to ATP, (energy), thus increased blood pressure and heartbeats. This

facilitates the transportation of more oxygen and other nutrients to respiratory sites as well as

excreting metabolic wastes from cells (White, & Raven, 2014). After rest, subject B shows a

sharp drop in the blood pressure and heart rate because the body is returning to normal biological

activities (Kokkinos, 2014). Subject C shows constant blood pressure and heart beats because he

was at rest all throughout the experiment. At the end of the experiment, subject A is the only one

with high blood pressure and heart rate because he continued with the exercise.

Conclusion

In sum, body activities determine the heart rate and blood pressure of an individual. At rest, the

heart rate and blood pressure are always constant. During exercise, the blood pressure and heart

rate increases. After exercise, blood pressure and heart rate drop sharply because the body is

recovering to normal.

LAB REPORT 4

References

Kokkinos, P. (2014). Cardiorespiratory fitness, exercise, and blood pressure. Hypertension,

64(6), 1160-1164.

White, D. W., & Raven, P. B. (2014). Autonomic neural control of heart rate during dynamic

exercise: revisited. The Journal of physiology, 592(12), 2491-2500.

Zhang, Z., Pi, Z., & Liu, B. (2015). TROIKA: A general framework for heart rate monitoring

using wrist-type photoplethysmographic signals during intensive physical exercise. IEEE

Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 62(2), 522-531.

Place new order. It's free, fast and safe

Paper type

Deadline

Page count

550 words

Total price: $ 15.00

Our customers say

Jeff Curtis

USA, Student

"I'm fully satisfied with the essay I've just received. When I read it, I felt like it was exactly what I wanted to say, but couldn’t find the necessary words. Thank you!"

Ian McGregor

UK, Student

"I don’t know what I would do without your assistance! With your help, I met my deadline just in time and the work was very professional. I will be back in several days with another assignment!"

Shannon Williams

Canada, Student

"It was the perfect experience! I enjoyed working with my writer, he delivered my work on time and followed all the guidelines about the referencing and contents."

Place new order. It's free, fast and safe

Our customers say

Jeff Curtis

Ian McGregor

Shannon Williams