LastName Unit3 Assignment1

Part 1:

1. A counter controlled iteration structure works on satisfying some condition. The

counter variable is initialized with some value and a condition is checked on every

iteration and only if it satisfies it executes the loop body and when condition is not

satisfies, it exits the loop. The counter variable increments or decrements on each

iteration which controls the loop. Below is an example code:

int i;

for (i = 1; i <= 10; i++)

{

printf("%d ", i);

}

2. A for() statement is a loop statements which iterates over a piece of code on the

basis of a specific condition and keep iterating as long as the condition satisfies.

While switch statement is used to write conditional statement which executes

specific codes on the basis of various condition, it never iterates like a loop. A real

world example would be like when we need to calculate the average grades of

students by adding their individual scores, we will use a loop to iterate over a list of

scores. And when we need to find out the letter grade of students, we will use a

switch statement which will help us in finding the letter grade on the basis of scores.

3. A function is a set of instructions written to do a specific tasks. We would use a

function in C to avoid code duplicity. For example, if there is a set of statements

which is being used at many places in program, we may put it inside a function and

call it where it needs. Three items that are needed to implement a function are

function name, function parameters which are the values passed to the function, and

return type which specifies what type of data is being returned.

4. With functions, we can pass arguments by value or by reference. In pass by value

method, only the copy of variable is passed to the function and any change to it

inside the function has no impact outside it, the value passed to it remains same.

While in pass by reference method, the reference of the variable is passed to the

function, any change to it inside the function reflects the change outside the function.

The caller will have the same modified value that the function has.

5. A recursive function is a function which call itself over again and it terminates

when a specific condition is met. The recursion is related to iteration because there

is a kind of iteration when the same function is called over again and again by itself.

Part 2:

1. The error in the program is that there is not a break statement in one of the switch

options and it runs the default part of the switch. Below is the correct code:

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

int count;

printf("Enter the number 1 or 0 for the count: "); // prompt

scanf("%d", &count);

while (count >= 0)

{

switch (count)

{

case 0:

printf("\n%d is the number you entered\n\n", count);

break;

case 1:

printf("\n%d is the number you entered\n\n", count);

break;

default:

printf("\n\nIncorrect Input - You did not enter a 1 or 0 \n\n");

break;

}

printf("Enter the number 1 or 0 for the count: "); // input another

count

scanf("%d", &count);

}

return 0;

}

2. The error is in the condition of if statement, it is an assignment operator but there

should be a comparison operator which compare i with 5. There are 2 negative

impacts of this error, one is the text “Five is my favorite is not getting executed” and

the loop becomes infinite loop and never terminates as on each iteration its value is

changed to 5. Below is the correct code:

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

int i;

for (i = 0; i <= 10; i++)

{

if (i == 5)

{

printf("\nFive is my favorite number\n");

}

else

{

printf("\ni is %d\n", i);

}

return 0;

}

3. The error in the function is the function sqrt is not known to the compiler, we need

to add the header file math.h to the program which has the method defined. Below is

the correct program:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <math.h>

int main()

{

float count = 9.0; // declare variable

printf("\nThe square root of count is %.1f\n\n", sqrt(count)); // compute the

square root

return 0;

}

4. The error in the program is that function definition is written inside the main

function, it should be outside main function. Below is the correct code:

#include <stdio.h>

int square(int y); // function prototype

int main()

{

int number;

printf("Enter a value: ");

scanf("%d", &number);

printf("\nThe square of the number is %d\n\n", square(number)); //

function call

return 0;

}

int square(int y) // function definition

{

return y*y;

}

5. The error in the program is that there is not a semicolon after function prototype.

Below is the correct code:

#include <stdio.h>

int cube(int y); // function prototype

int main()

{

int number;

printf("Enter a value: ");

scanf("%d", &number);

printf("\nThe numbered cube is %d\n\n\n", cube(number)); //

function call

return 0;

}

int cube(int y) // function definition

{

return y*y*y;

}

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