Organizational Management And Operations

Running head: ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS 1

Organizational management and operations

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ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS 2

Organizational Management and Operations

Introduction

Law enforcement agencies contribute largely in the current society where rules and

regulations are followed to ensure the conducive environment for every individual. These

agencies have different responsibilities depending on their positions in the state and local law

enforcement. According to McMains, (2014) under law enforcement, suspected criminal

activities are investigated and forwarded to higher law enforcement department that is called

administration of criminal punishment. Types of law enforcement agencies include; local police

(include county, tribal and regional police), state police or highway patrol, special jurisdiction

police (police in schools, hospitals, government buildings and parks) and deputy sheriffs (derive

authority from the state). The society Law enforcement agency irrespective of its size must have

the understanding of the implications of the information obtained, analyzed and intelligence

strategy in sharing this information. Organized mechanisms should be structured in each agency

to receive and manage intelligence, and this ensure there is the good report on the critical

information received from the various investigations (Jones & Lister, 2014). Also, it is important

for law enforcement agencies to develop strategies that facilitate communication and information

sharing procedures particularly in private sectors where there is critical infrastructure. Through

policing, information collected is well evaluated, integrated according to the relevant information

and the conclusion is made using qualified scientific techniques. This paper aim in writing the

policing functions at the local, state, and federal organizational levels outlining identification,

comparison, and contrast. Moreover, it will analyze how the organizational, management,

administration, and operational functions at these three organizational levels are similar or

different and why.

ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS 3

Policing Functions at the Local, State, and Federal Organizational Levels

Local Policing Agencies

Law enforcement is enhanced in different areas that include rural and urban areas where

the county or municipal hold the authority. The local policing agencies category comprise of the

sheriff’s department, local police, university police and the municipal police. The office of

sheriff is formed by a state constitution or statutory law and in most cases sheriff is elected in

different counties (Reiner, 2013). Different responsibilities are charged under Sheriff Office.

First, Law enforcement services are provided to the country. Second, county jails are maintained

and prisoners in various stages of justice process and who await transportations to various state

organization are received. Third, it responds to civil matters, enforces court-ordered lines and

give eviction notices.

As stated by Millie, (2013) local police agencies play a role in ensuring societal needs are

protected, and this include the traffic control, response to service calls and any public help

needed. They also enforce laws in various cities or towns that they operate in. They are also

responsible for ensuring the laws enforced by the municipal government are followed by the

people. With the development of city, town and municipal government, police protection has

been a key factor to ensure no interruption from other entities of authority, and this has brought

limitation on the sheriff’s office. With the existence of policing culture, officers who participate

in the field patrol function in an independent way without the assistance of consultation. Their

duties only involve low decisions that sometimes do not require the arrest or taking the report to

the higher office of the supervisor.

ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS 4

State Policy Agencies

They are also called the specialized police and are located in every state as the police

agency. State officers are charged in responding to service calls that are useful in creating a

foundation for further investigation operations. Duties they are also involved in include; handling

administrative issues, training, and technical responsibilities. In urban or towns where the local

police department is unavailable, they take charge in ensuring there is sufficient security among

the people and participate in law enforcement services (Wilensky, 2015). Though structure and

functions vary in every state, state officers accomplish regulatory and investigative

responsibilities. As a result of terror attached that occurred in the United States of America,

awareness and intensity in state police agencies increased which has ensured there are proper

guidelines in handling any form of attack from external threat.

According to Cheng, (2015) security departments were created in every state and were

charged with the duty of teaching the legislature and governor on issues concerning security

which was a key factor in threat assessment in the states. Was one way to protect infrastructure, a

form of assistance and training services to a power system in the state. The main duty allocated

to state police officers has been in the line of fighting against terrorism that may arise in a state.

Different states have specialized police units that handle special function. An example is the fish

and game wardens who handle law enforcement that protect fish, ensure there are healthy

hunting and boating. Department of Motor Vehicles is an example of an independent policing

agency that different states have invested in and facilitate law enforcement as stipulated by the

state policy.

ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS 5

Federal Policy Agencies

These are police agencies with power from federal government and have the

responsibility for law enforcement and security matters which exceeds state boundaries and

regulate law and order in the entire of America. Examples include the Bureau of Alcohol,

Tobacco, and Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). These departments are involved in

regulating the consumption of Tobacco, alcohol and other drugs in the whole of the America.

These departments have higher power beyond that of local or state police agencies. As argued by

Reiner, (2013), agencies like Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and Department of

Homeland Security (DHS) are involved in analyzing external threats, guarding the boundaries,

protecting critical infrastructure and regulate responses to any emergency in the nation.

Similarities and Comparison

From the identification, local, state and federal police agencies are the same since all of

them have the responsibilities of safeguarding the rights of the citizens according to the level of

the function. Laws are enforced, relevant arrests are done, services and protection are given to

citizens as per the area being served by these agencies. All the agencies irrespective of the level

ensure law and order is effectively followed by the citizens to avoid legal problems that result

from the failure in observing the laws (Wilensky, 2015).

The difference among the police agencies arises when it comes to issues of empowering.

City governments in different cities and towns appoint local police officers and is done through

recruitment following the rules and the regulations stipulated in that particular city or town

(Jones & Lister, 2014). Due to specialized agencies on the state level, top executives involve

political appointees where experience in the service is highly considered. The middle equivalent

ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS 6

officials come within the force, and the proceedings are done either by the civil service or

through the merit. The president appoints the senior management in federal law agencies, but the

whole process is influenced by the senate who give advice and permission to the president.

Federal agencies encircle internal officers who are promoted to this rank, and they make the mid-

level management.

Observing the organizational, management, administration and operational functions in

the three organizations, work is done following the rules and regulations that control a particular

area. Federal laws control the activities under federal agencies while in state police agencies

statutes of operation set the laws that govern every move or activity. On the other hand, local

agencies are controlled according to the laws of the municipalities or the city. Federal laws

superintend state and local policing agencies while as laws of the state government monitor local

agencies (McMains, 2014). Once there is the change of laws, an effect is seen in duties and

obligation of the local and state agencies. An example is a law that legalized personal use of

marijuana in Washington and Colorado. Currently, an effect has been caused, and more than 18

states champion the use of marijuana.

Leadership characteristics and responsibilities pertaining the three organizational levels

To ensure effectiveness in performing any work as a police leader, various characteristics

of leadership are required which help in developing good services to the citizens. Due to this

reason, technical skill is a principal that contribute to the realization of the goals set. The

knowledge and detailed ability in the use of system and tools help police in their task and

obligations. As stated by Cheng, (2015) some duties require a use of technical skills such as the

use of computers, operation of technical machines and handling of highly specialized tools.

Therefore, police leader should display all necessary qualities that enhance effective performance

ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS 7

and coordination in the working environment. Police agencies need to have human skills that

largely contribute the level of relationship with different stakeholders in the society.

Furthermore, a leader should be a person who tolerates incertitude and ready to bear the

views of different people as a result of different backgrounds. In so doing mutual understanding

is developed which fastens in resolving issues related to policing. As argued by Millie, (2013)

conceptual skill among the police agencies is another important character that enhance good

coordination in various activities and ensure there is the minimal conflict in the working

environment. There are diverse activities that take place in police services, and coordination is

required especially when attending emergency calls. To avoid any overpass, leadership in police

agencies should be alert all the time, and this will need proper planning.

The CEO, the middle managers, and supervisors, are among the leadership

responsibilities police agencies require. The top in police service has been CEO, the stipulated

position duties that include overseeing the whole organization and every operation that take

place in the police affiliation. Under this position, organization vision is clearly stated to ensure

all the members of the organization accomplish the goals. Communication is another tool that is

used to ensure the organization members clearly understand the steps laid in achieving the goal

(Jones & Lister, 2014). Captains and lieutenants are the middle managers who connect higher

management with the junior police officers. They assist the subordinates and empower them in

issues relating to an organization so that all of them may reach the desired level of the society.

Lastly, supervisors work together with the patrol officers and they ensure daily activities are

well-undertaken. They are there to promote union among police officers and to ensure all the

necessary information get to all officers and the feedback given in good time.

ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS 8

Conclusion

In conclusion, the policing function in local, state and federal organizational level display

various aspect in terms of law enforcement and how police agencies use this law to regulate

peace and uniformity among the citizens. It is clearly seen that local, state and federal police

agencies are similar since they have the same function of ensuring there is a protection of rights

and safety among the citizens. Leadership characteristics such as conceptual skills are important

for police officers and these characters help in their daily responsibility. Other responsibilities,

for example, managerial position are a core element in achieving the organizational goals.

Therefore, policing need to be understood so that quality services are given to the citizens

without delay or any misunderstanding.

ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS 9

References

Cheng, P. W. (2015). A Study on the Functions of Domestic Violence Prevention Officer after

the Policing Organizational Change: The Case of Taipei City Police Department.

Jones, T., & Lister, S. (2014). The Policing of Public Space. Journal of Police Studies/Cahiers

Politiestudies, 2(3).

McMains, M. J., & Mullins, W. C. (2014). Crisis negotiations: Managing critical incidents and

hostage situations in law enforcement and corrections. Routledge.

Millie, A., & Bullock, K. (2013). Policing in a time of contraction and constraint: Re-imagining

the role and function of contemporary policing. Criminology and Criminal Justice, 13(2),

133-142.

Reiner, R. (2013). Who governs? Democracy, plutocracy, science and prophecy in

policing. Criminology and criminal justice, 13(2), 161-180.

Wilensky, H. L. (2015). Organizational intelligence: Knowledge and policy in government and

industry (Vol. 19). Quid Pro Books.

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