Physics Behind Computer Display

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Computer Display Physics

Computers systems have a long historical background tracing back to the times of room-

sized computers that used vacuum tubes and punch cards. However, the great advancement in

computer application has produced vast operating systems which explains the computers systems

surrounding us in the recent time which ranges from our phones, to our vice consoles, to room

appliances. Regardless of the computer systems we have around us, there is little attention paid

on the physics behind the running of the computer system. Therefore, in this paper analysis, the

research focuses on examining the different aspects of physics used in facilitating the display of

modern personal computers. From the approach, the research will focus on the transmission of

data from different computer processing units until its display on the main monitor.

Computer Display Storage Component

Before the monitor could display the information from the input, it needs to retrieve it

from a memory device. From the analysis the most common storage device system people use is

the computer hard drive. However, there are other input storage device such as the flash drive

and the memory cards. The storage systems also applying the principles of physics in keeping

codes message for display. Research shows the dependence of computers on binary coding gives

the magnetic principles the best choice for storage of data that would be convertible to 0 and 1

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bits. From the analysis, the north pole and the south pole will represent the 0 and 1 bits

respectively and use a translator to sense the binary bits on a magnetic parallel pole and transmit

to the displaying cortex (Kraftmakher p451). In case of a responsive message, the data would be

transmitted from the input device to the CPU and top the storage cortex where the message will

be translated back to the binary system before process and transmission of the data to show a

normal message with letters (Kraftmakher p452). Evaluating the component unit of the storage

system, the magnetic regions were horizontally on the disk platter which was characterized by

storage and process of low unit component. However, in the recent discoveries, hard drive

designers modified the magnetic arrangement, setting it perpendicular to the disk platter Shown

in (Fig 1). Through the design, the storage system increased processing surface area to volume

ration, which also increased the information storage density to a terabyte storing up to

1000000000000 bytes of information shown in (Fig 2) (Kraftmakher p452).

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Figure 1: Horizontal arrangement of the magnet on the Disk platter (Kraftmakher

p452)

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Figure 2 Perpendicular arrangement of magnet bars against storage platter to increase

surface area in a Hard disk (Kraftmakher p453)

Liquid-Crystal Dispaly

The computer display system adopted LCD display from the Cathode ray operation

principles. From the analysis the Cathode ray tube monitors were the longest serving computer

display before come started adopting the laser screen and LED display. The Cathode ray

monitors depends on electrons supply, the stream of electrons and AN electrode dependably for

flow of electrons carrying information. In another context, the systems rely on the acceleration of

electrons using the electron gun and direct the beam to the surface of screen. According to the

analysis the hurtle of the moving electrons pass through sets of coils meant too deflected the

beam of electrons crating a magnetic field which further directs them to a finer field which

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reflects the moving electron bytes towards a phosphor screen (Fakhruddin p229). Therefore, with

the impact of crashing electrons while moving, causes a glowing impact on the charging particle

of the screen and display the set of data as expressed in (Fig 3) below.

Figure 3: A diagram of working cathode ray tube in LCD (Fakhruddin p229).

Laser printer display

Laser printers display is an alternative approach to computer display which employs

the principles of laser physics to print documents on a computer system. The laser printer

operation is based on the magnetic principles where magnetic like charges of the laser light to

create printable images. From the analysis, the Laser printer display work through charging of

the photoelectric drum surface adjusted to emit charges in a defined position concentrating the

beam to the intended position for the print out. However, for the laser printer to function, the

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computer system isolates the negative charges knocking the other charges off the drum allowing

the charges to come in contact with toner which are negatively charged. Since the charges would

be like charges (Fakhruddin p235). These toner particles similarly have a negative electric

charge. Since we understand that like charges rebuff, locales of the drum that did not have their

charges emptied will shock the toner particles, zones of the drum where the charges were

removed have a positive charge, which attracts the toner particles. As a touch of paper than

moves under the drum, these toner particles that are pulled in to the drum are then traded to the

sheet of paper, which gives us are printed image (Fakhruddin p237).

Figure 4: Isolation of charges in a laser printer (Fakhruddin p238)

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LED Display

Light Emitting Diode (LED) is a light source subject to a semiconductor – materials that

are neither unadulterated transmitters nor encasings yet have an electrical conductivity some

place in the center. Right when a present experience the LED, electrons recombine with openings

in the semiconductor, releasing light at the same time. The shade of the light released depends

upon the extent of energies inside the semiconductor where no electron states are possible –

known as its "band gap" (Thielemans p1735). The first observable light LEDs were red and,

later, green, and were frequently used to supersede standard lights in power-marker lights in

electronic equipment, for instance, TVs, and in direct shows, for instance, those used by old

calculators. From the analysis, the display principle utilizes surrounding polarized light on the

upper plate which moves with liquid crystals on a twisted angle where the light and the molecule

move parallel to the lower analyzer and gives a transparent light on the screen after passing the

transparent conductor plates as expressed in the (Fig 5) below (Thielemans p1740). Development

of blue LEDs showed tricky until Shuji Nakamura of the Nichia Corporation in Tokushima,

Japan, made one 1994. The semiconductor material used in his device was indium gallium

nitride, valuable stones of which were created on a sapphire substrate. The material would now

have the capacity to be produced on silicon, reducing the cost of conveying blue LEDs by up to

90%. Blue, green and red LEDs can be joined to convey white light, so they can be used to make

lights that use unfathomably less power than shining handles (Thielemans p1746).

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Figure 5: working principle diagram for LED (Thielemans p1740)

Emerging trend in computer display

In the recent past, the monitor was basically used for displaying purposes, However, the

approach has changed with the changing technology where the displaying system is also used as

a computer input. there are numerous such examples of those available in the marketplace right

now, probably being provided up for the holiday season. Touch display screen presentations are

in customer electronics along with the HP TouchSmart line computer systems, notebooks, as

MP3 players from Apple and Microsoft, adoption of the smartphones in the industry

(“HowStuffWorks” p1).

Masses of these contact sensitive interfaces function of the basis of detecting changes

in capacitance in the screen region. this modification in capacitance takes place whilst the

customer touches the display, altering the rate. at the same time as the voltage thru the show

stays the equal, however the charge modifications. the ones monitor also have sensors usually

inside the four corner which can measure the exchange in capacitance. thru figuring out the

change in capacitance from a couple of far off points (“HowStuffWorks” p1) As described in the

figure below.

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Figure 6: Touch screen display (“HowStuffWorks” p1)

Accelerometers

Accelerometer is another new technology that advanced users seem to adopt. The

technology is fixed with a controller on the free using an electric field, between capacitors to

transmit waves. From the analysis, the wave movement detection is acquired with the alteration

of this electric field which enables the capacitor to detect the charges in the electrical charges and

allow the movement of the controller on the screen (Huebener p2).

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Works Cited

"HowStuffWorks "How do touch-screen monitors know where you're touching?""

Howstuffworks "Computer" Web. 20 Nov. 2009.

'http://computer.howstuffworks.com/question716.htm'.

Fakhruddin, Hasan. "Some Activities with Polarized Light from a Laptop LCD Screen." The

Physics Teacher, vol. 46, no. 4, 2008, pp. 229-231.

Huebener, Rudolf. Electrons in Action: Roads to Modern Computers and Electronics. New

York: Wiley-VCH, 2005. Print.

Kraftmakher, Yaakov. "It Is Worth Thoroughly Looking at the Computer Display." The Physics

Teacher, vol. 47, no. 8, 2009, pp. 499-501

Thielemans, Robbie. "LED Display Applications and Design Considerations." Handbook of

Visual Display Technology, 2016, pp. 1735-1748.

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Physics behind Computer Display

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