St Marys Year 6 6000 Ethic Application Form

V6 November 2016

St Mary’s University

Ethics Sub-Committee

Application for Ethical Approval (Research)

This form must be completed by any undergraduate or postgraduate student, or member

of staff at St Mary’s University, who is undertaking research involving contact with, or

observation of, human participants.

Undergraduate and postgraduate students should have the form signed by their

supervisor, and forwarded to the School Ethics Sub-Committee representative. Staff

applications should be forwarded directly to the School Ethics Sub-Committee

representative. All supporting documents should be merged into one PDF (in order of the

checklist) and clearly entitled with your Full Name, School, Supervisor.

Please note that for all undergraduate research projects the supervisor is considered to be

the Principal Investigator for the study.

If the proposal has been submitted for approval to an external, properly constituted ethics

committee (e.g. NHS Ethics), then please submit a copy of the application and approval

letter to the Secretary of the Ethics Sub-Committee. Please note that you will also be

required to complete the St Mary’s Application for Ethical Approval.

Before completing this form:

 Please refer to the University’s Ethical Guidelines. As the researcher/

supervisor, you are responsible for exercising appropriate professional judgment

in this review.

 Please refer to the Ethical Application System (Three Tiers) information sheet.

 Please refer to the Frequently Asked Questions and Commonly Made Mistakes

sheet.

 If you are conducting research with children or young people, please ensure that

you read the Guidelines for Conducting Research with Children or Young

People, and answer the below questions with reference to the guidelines.

Please note:

In line with University Academic Regulations the signed completed Ethics Form

must be included as an appendix to the final research project.

If you have any queries when completing this document, please consult your

supervisor (for students) or School Ethics Sub-Committee representative (for staff).

St Mary’s Ethics Application Checklist

The checklist below will help you to ensure

that all the supporting documents are

submitted with your ethics application form. The supporting documents are necessary for

the Ethics Sub-Committee to be able to review and approve your application.

Please note, if the appropriate documents are not submitted with the application form

then the application will be returned directly to the applicant and may need to be re-

submitted at a later date.

Enclosed?

(delete as appropriate)

Document

Yes

Not

applicable

1. Application Form

Mandatory

2. Risk Assessment Form

3. Participant Invitation Letter

4. Participant Information Sheet

Mandatory

5. Participant Consent Form

Mandatory

6. Parental Consent Form

7. Participant Recruitment Material - e.g.

copies of Posters, newspaper adverts,

website, emails

8. Letter from host organisation (granting

permission to conduct the study on the

premises)

9. Research instrument, e.g. validated

questionnaire, survey, interview schedule

10. DBS (to be sent separately)

11. Other Research Ethics Committee

application (e.g. NHS REC form)

12. Certificates of training (required if

storing human tissue)

I can confirm that all relevant documents are included in order of the list and in one PDF

document (any DBS check to be sent separately) named in the following format: Full

Name, School, Supervisor.

Signature of Applicant:

Signature of Supervisor:

Ethics Application Form

1) Name of proposer(s)

2) St Mary’s email

address

3) Name of supervisor

4) Title of project

5) School or service

6) Programme (whether undergraduate,

postgraduate taught or postgraduate research)

7) Type of activity/research ( staff/undergraduate

student/postgraduate student )

8) Confidentiality

Will all information remain confidential in line with the

Data Protection Act 1998?

YES/NO

9) Consent

Will written informed consent be obtained from all

participants/participants’ representatives?

YES/NO

10) Pre-approved protocol

Has the protocol been approved by the Ethics Sub-

Committee under a generic application?

YES/NO/Not applicable

Date of approval:

11) Approval from another Ethics

Committee

a) Will the research require approval by an ethics

committee external to St Mary’s University?

YES/NO/Not applicable

b) Are you working with persons under 18 years of

age or vulnerable adults?

YES/ NO

12) Identifiable risks

a) Is there significant potential for physical or

psychological discomfort, harm, stress or burden

to participants?

YES/NO

b) Are participants over 65 years of age?

YES/NO

c) Do participants have limited ability to give

voluntary consent? This could include

cognitively impaired persons, prisoners, persons

with a chronic physical or mental condition, or

those who live in or are connected to an

institutional environment.

YES/NO

d) Are any invasive techniques involved? And/or

the collection of body fluids or tissue?

YES/NO

e) Is an extensive degree of exercise or physical

exertion involved?

YES/NO

f) Is there manipulation of cognitive or affective

human responses which could cause stress or

anxiety?

YES/NO

g) Are drugs or other substances (including liquid

and food additives) to be administered?

YES/NO

h) Will deception of participants be used in a way

which might cause distress, or might reasonably

affect their willingness to participate in the

research? For example, misleading participants

on the purpose of the research, by giving them

false information.

YES/NO

i) Will highly personal, intimate or other private

and confidential information be sought? For

example sexual preferences.

YES/NO

j) Will payment be made to participants? This can

include costs for expenses or time.

YES/NO

If yes, please provide details

k) Could the relationship between the researcher/

supervisor and the participant be such that a

YES/ NO

participant might feel pressurised to take part?

l) Are you working under the remit of the Human

Tissue Act 2004?

YES/ NO

13) Proposed start and completion date

Please indicate:

 When the study is due to commence.

 Timetable for data collection.

 The expected date of completion.

Please ensure that your start date is at least 3 weeks after the submission deadline for the Ethics

Sub-Committee meeting.

14)Sponsors/Collaborators

Please give names and details of sponsors or collaborators on the project. This does not include

your supervisor(s) or St Mary’s University.

 Sponsor: An individual or organisation who provides financial resources or some other

support for a project.

 Collaborator: An individual or organisation who works on the project as a recognised

contributor by providing advice, data or another form of support.

15. Other Research Ethics Committee Approval

 Please indicate whether additional approval is required or has already been obtained

(e.g. the NHS Research Ethics Committee).

 Please also note which code of practice / professional body you have consulted for your

project.

 Whether approval has previously been given for any element of this research by the

University Ethics Sub-Committee.

16. Purpose of the study

In lay language, please provide a brief introduction to the background and rationale for your

study. [100 word limit]

 Be clear about the concepts / factors / performances you will measure / assess/ observe

and (if applicable), the context within which this will be done.

 Please state if there are likely to be any direct benefits, e.g. to participants, other groups

or organisations.

The general role of the football coach has been widely researched (O'Gorman, 2015). However,

there has been little research, if any, that compares the role of the football coach at the

grassroots level and at the elite/professional level to determine whether there is any semblance

in the work they do (Cushion and Jones, 2014). The proposed study relies on the fact that

grassroots football includes amateur football, youth football, children’s football, and football for

the disabled and that such kind of football also requires a football coach just like is the case

with professional football. Results of the study can be used in training football coaches at the

grassroots level to match those at the professional football level.

17. Study Design/Methodology

In lay language, please provide details of:

a) The design of the study (qualitative/quantitative questionnaires etc.)

b) The proposed methods of data collection (what you will do, how you will do this and the

nature of tests).

c) You should also include details regarding the requirement of the participant i.e. the

extent of their commitment and the length of time they will be required to attend testing.

d) Please include details of where the testing will take place.

e) Please state whether the materials/procedures you are using are original, or the

intellectual property of a third party. If the materials/procedures are original, please

describe any pre-testing you have done or will do to ensure that they are effective.

a) The proposed study design is the use of a quantitative questionnaire (Creswell, 2013).

The proposed questionnaire will be used to investigate the role of football coaches at

both the grassroots football and elite/professional football (Cross, 2013).

b) A total of eight (8) questions, four (4) for grassroots coaches and four (4) for

professional coaches have been designed as follows. A total of six (6) coaches, three (3)

grassroots coaches and three (3) professional/elite coaches will be targeted.

Questions for grassroots football coaches

i. For how long have you been a grassroots football coach and what motivated you to be

one?

ii. What’s your role in instilling such values to the grassroots footballers as personal

fulfillment, fitness, health, social development, and teamwork? Is your role in instilling

these values any different from how a professional football coach would do it?

iii. What kind of training would you propose what should be undergone by all grassroots

football coaches before they engage in this work to ensure uniformity across the sport?

iv. What do you think is the future of the grassroots football game and what are you doing

to ensure that that future is met?

Questions for professional/elite football coaches

i. For how long have you been an elite football coach and where did you get the

motivation to join elite football? Have you been a professional footballer before?

ii. The UEFA through its UEFA Grassroots Charter and UEFA Grassroots Week, among

other programs, encourages the growth of football at the grassroots level. Is it something

you support? How does grassroots football influence elite football?

iii. What major roles does the elite football coach play in terms of professional

development, personal fulfillment, fitness, and social development of professional

players? Would you do anything different were you a grassroots coach to reach the same

results?

iv. Is professional football becoming too commercial at the expense of the importance of

the game? Where do you see professional football in the next few years, say ten (10)?

c) Six participants are scheduled for the study: three professional coaches and three

grassroots coaches. The six coaches will be required for the entire period of the study,

that is, two weeks because they are the main respondents in the proposed study

(Martinez and Mukharji, 2013).

d) Testing will take place at the places of work of the six coaches. The researcher will visit

each coach at their place of work, that is, at the football ground where the coaches work

every day. The data will then be further tested at the researcher’s university where the

researcher carries out their studies.

e) The proposed study is the first of its kind, and, therefore, the materials being used are

original, including the questions proposed in the study. All data mined during this study

will remain confidential in line with the Data Protection Act of 1998 (Ferguson and

Moritz, 2015).

18. Participants

Please mention:

a) The number of participants you are recruiting and why. For example, because of

their specific age or sex.

b) How they will be recruited and chosen.

c) The inclusion/exclusion criteria.

d) For internet studies please clarify how you will verify the age of the participants.

e) If the research is taking place in a school or organisation then please include their

written agreement for the research to be undertaken.

a) We intend to recruit six (6) participants for the research. Out of the six respondents,

three will be professional football coaches while three will be grassroots football

coaches. The professional coaches will be picked at random from those coaching clubs

that are participating in the league, based on their willingness to respond to our

questionnaires. The list of the coaches will be requested from the Football Association

(Carson, 2013).

b) Request will be made to the Football Association to provide a list of the football coaches

in charge of the teams that are participating in the professional league. Out of the list,

the three coaches will be picked at random and a formal request made to them alongside

the questionnaire. For the grassroots coaches, the coaches will also be picked at random

based on their closeness to the university as the proposed study will be carried out

during school sessions. Thus, there will not be adequate time to travel for long distances

(Bisgaard and Geertsen, 2015).

c) Inclusion criteria: respondents will be picked within the age bracket 18-50. Exclusion

criteria: only coaches who can understand English language will be picked. In addition

to this, the study will be restricted to coaches who are nationals of this country. It will

not include foreign coaches (Bloom, 2013).

d) n/a

e) n/a

19. Consent

If you have any exclusion criteria, please ensure that your Consent Form and Participant

Information Sheet clearly makes participants aware that their data may or may not be used.

a) Are there any incentives/pressures which may make it difficult for participants to refuse

to take part? If so, explain and clarify why this needs to be done

b) Will any of the participants be from any of the following groups?

 Children under 18

 Participants with learning disabilities

 Participants suffering from dementia

 Other vulnerable groups.

c) If any of the above apply, does the researcher/investigator hold a current DBS

certificate? A copy of the DBS must be supplied separately from the application.

d) How will consent be obtained? This includes consent from all necessary persons i.e.

participants and parents.

20. Risks and benefits of research/ activity

a) Are there any potential risks or adverse effects (e.g. injury, pain, discomfort, distress,

changes to lifestyle) associated with this study? If so please provide details, including

information on how these will be minimised.

b) Please explain where the risks / effects may arise from (and why), so that it is clear why

the risks / effects will be difficult to completely eliminate or minimise.

c) Does the study involve any invasive procedures? If so, please confirm that the

researchers or collaborators have appropriate training and are competent to deliver these

procedures. Please note that invasive procedures also include the use of deceptive

procedures in order to obtain information.

d) Will individual/group interviews/questionnaires include anything that may be sensitive

or upsetting? If so, please clarify why this information is necessary (and if applicable,

any prior use of the questionnaire/interview).

e) Please describe how you would deal with any adverse reactions participants might

experience. Discuss any adverse reaction that might occur and the actions that will be

taken in response by you, your supervisor or some third party (explain why a third party

is being used for this purpose).

f) Are there any benefits to the participant or for the organisation taking part in the

research (e.g. gain knowledge of their fitness)?

21. Confidentiality, privacy and data protection

a) What steps will be taken to ensure participants’ confidentiality?

 Please describe how data, particularly personal information, will be stored (all electronic

data must be stored on St Mary’s University servers).

 Consider how you will identify participants who request their data be withdrawn, such

that you can still maintain the confidentiality of theirs and others’ data.

b) Describe how you will manage data using a data a management plan.

 You should show how you plan to store the data securely and select the data that will be

made publically available once the project has ended.

 You should also show how you will take account of the relevant legislation including

that relating data protection, freedom of information and intellectual property.

c) Who will have access to the data? Please identify all persons who will have access to

the data (normally yourself and your supervisor).

d) Will the data results include information which may identify people or places?

 Explain what information will be identifiable.

 Whether the persons or places (e.g. organisations) are aware of this.

 Consent forms should state what information will be identifiable and any likely outputs

which will use the information e.g. dissertations, theses and any future

publications/presentations.

a) The identities of the six coaches will not be revealed. Instead, their names will be coded

in terms of numbers and letters. Only the researcher will be in a position to know the

name of the respondent represented by each letter or number. All electronic data will be

stored in a server at St. Mary’s University, secured with a log-in password that will only

be known by the researcher. All hard-copy material related to the research will be

locked in a cabinet only accessible by the researcher (Curneen, 2014).

b) The data collected during the study will be kept confidential. It will only be used by the

researcher and for the current research only. The data remains the intellectual property

of the respondents and will be treated as such. In case a respondent withdraws from the

study, the data that they will have provided will be destroyed immediately (Attard,

2015).

c) Only the researcher will have access to the information from the current research

(Occhino, Mallett, and Rynne, 2013).

d) Since all data will be codified, there is no particular information that will reveal the

identity of the respondents. Since the researcher may intend to publish the complete

work, the respondents will also provide their consent to the publication. Their consent

will be sought during the collection of data (Bell, Brooks, and Markham, 2013).

22. Feedback to participants

Please give details of how feedback will be given to participants:

 As a minimum, it would normally be expected for feedback to be offered to participants

in an acceptable to format, e.g. a summary of findings appropriately written.

 Please state whether you intend to provide feedback to any other individual(s) or

organisation(s) and what form this would take.

 Once the data has been processed to information and analyzed, the findings and

feedback will be communicated to the respondents in the form of a summary of findings

(Rathwell, Bloom, and Loughead, 2014).

 The researcher intends to make the work available to other readers if it is accepted by a

peer-reviewed journal.

The proposer recognises their responsibility in carrying out the project in accordance with

the University’s Ethical Guidelines and will ensure that any person(s) assisting in the

research/ teaching are also bound by these. The Ethics Sub-Committee must be notified

of, and approve, any deviation from the information provided on this form.

Signature of Proposer(s)

Date:

Signature of Supervisor (for student research projects)

Date:

Approval Sheet

Name of applicant:

Name of supervisor:

Programme of study:

Title of project:

Supervisors, please complete section 1 or 2. If approved at level 1, please forward a copy

of this Approval Sheet to the School Ethics Representative for their records.

SECTION 1

Approved at Level 1

Signature of supervisor (for student applications).........................................................................

Date...............................................................................................................................................

SECTION 2

Refer to School Ethics Representative for consideration at Level 2 or Level 3

Signature of supervisor.................................................................................................................

Date..............................................................................................................................................

SECTION 3

To be completed by School Ethics Representative

Approved at Level 2

Signature of School Ethics Representative...................................................................................

Date...............................................................................................................................................

SECTION 4

To be completed by School Ethics Representative. Level 3 consideration required byt the

Ethics Sub-Committee (including all staff research involving human participants)

Signature of School Ethics Representative...................................................................................

Date...............................................................................................................................................

Level 3 approval – confirmation will be via correspondence from the Ethics Sub-Committee

Reference List

Attard, W. 2015. The Modern Day Football Manager. Dissertation, Malta Football

Association.

Bell, A., Brooks, C. and Markham, T., 2013. Does managerial turnover affect football

club share prices?. AESTIMATIO, the IEB International Journal of Finance, 7,

pp.02-21.

Bisgaard, A., and Geertsen, A. 2015. Motivation in Grassroots Football. Masters Thesis,

University of Southern Denmark.

Bloom, G.A., 2013. Mentoring for sport coaches. Routledge handbook of sports

coaching, pp.476-485.

Carson, M., 2013. The manager: Inside the minds of football's leaders. A&C Black.

Creswell, J.W. and Poth, C.N., 2017. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing

among five approaches. Sage publications.

Cross, K. 2013. The Football Coaching Process: An Official FFA Publication. Football

Federation Australia, http://websites.sportstg.com/get_file.cgi?id=3488695

Accessed on October 9, 2017.

Vlk, M., 2016. Coaching coach in football.

Cushion, C.J. and Jones, R.L., 2014. A Bourdieusian analysis of cultural reproduction:

Socialisation and the ‘hidden curriculum’in professional football. Sport, education

and society, 19(3), pp.276-298.

Ferguson, A. and Moritz, M., 2015. Leading: Learning from life and my years at

Manchester United. Hachette Books.

Martinez, D., and Mukharji, P. 2013. Football: From England to the World Sport in the

Global Society (1st ed.). Hoboken, NJ : Taylor, Francis and Sons Printing Press

and Publications.

Occhino, J., Mallett, C. and Rynne, S., 2013. Dynamic social networks in high

performance football coaching. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 18(1),

pp.90-102.

O’Gorman, J., 2016. Introduction: developing the research agenda in junior and youth

grassroots football culture. Soccer & Society, 17(6), pp.793-799.

Rathwell, S., Bloom, G.A. and Loughead, T.M., 2014. Head coaches’ perceptions on the

roles, selection, and development of the assistant coach. International Sport

Coaching Journal, 1(1), pp.5-16.

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