The Chemical Elements Of A Smartphone

Chemical Properties of Material that make up the saucepan

The saucepan is made up of Stainless Steel, which is a rust resistant and very stable

under high temperatures. Because of huge variation of temperature on the surface

of the pan some are built in aluminum core and copper core. Some also contain 10

percent Nickel, which is the shiny component that makes the saucepan shiny. 18

percent is made of Chromium, which prevents in corrosion. The plastic handle are

used since they are bad conductors of heat as they prevent the users from being

burnt while using the pans

Physical Properties of Material that make up the saucepan

Hardness- The material that makes the saucepans exhibits a certain level of

hardness to increase the durability of the pan.

Strength- The pans material are made of strong components that ensure the pans

are maintained in their state

Thermal conductivity- this is an important aspect as it allows for the conduction of

heat to the pan’s surface.

High melting point- The materials used in the construction of sauce pans have a

high melting point which allows for the pans to used in extreme heat conditions

without melting this allows the pans to have a higher heat capacity.

Bad heat conductors for the lid and handle- this is to prevent the conduction of heat

to the handles hence making it difficult for the users of the pans

Physical Properties of Methane and the Hob

Methane has the simplest organic compound and hydrocarbon, which is a mixture

of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. It is thus used for fuel and electricity generation

in domestic ovens.

The gas is odorless, tasteless and colorless.

But the smell from domestic methane is as a result of methyl mercaptan an additive

and is a safety measure.

It is less dense than air.

It liquefies on temperatures below 112k and solidifies in temperatures below 90.5

Methane is poorly soluble in water but soluble in certain organic solvents.

The hob are made of steel

Chemical Properties

The steel have a high melting point hence can withstand the high temperatures

from the methane heat.

Under high temperatures it undergoes decomposition to form acetylene

It reacts with chlorine gas to form two products: CH4 + CL2 —> CH3Cl+ CH2Cl2+

CHCl3+ CCL4

Its combustion is the most important aspect as it produces a good amount of heat

hence its role as an energy source: CH4 + 2O2= CO2 + 2H2O.

Physical and Chemical Properties of gold and plastic covers of HDMI cables

The gold cable are made of copper since copper is a high conductor and cheap in

comparison to other metals. This allows for the free movement of molecules within

the HDMI cables as such allowing for the transfer of data from one device to the

other.

Copper is also easy malleable therefore allowing for soldering or clamping of

materials

The plastic covers are used since they are poor conductors to prevent the

conduction of heat through the gold cables in the HDMI hence avoiding

electrocution problems.

Mobile Phones and Chemical Substances

The Screen

The glass of the touch screen is made of aluminosilicate glass. This is a mixture of

aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide that is put in hot molten salt. This is to allow the

smaller sodium ions to depart the glass and larger potassium ions to replace them as

they take more space as they are pressed together in the cooling of the glass

resulting in a layer of compressive stress in the process increasing the glass’s

strength (Kenkel 2010). A layer of indium oxide is then deposited on the glass to

function as the touch screen. Other rare earth elements are also present that

produce the color display on the screens.

The battery

Most batteries on smartphone use the lithium ion. Lithium cobalt oxide is

used as the positive electrode in the battery. The negative electrode is made out of

carbon in graphite. The electrolytic fluid used is an organic solvent. In the process of

discharge the ions move to the positive electrodes. The battery is often housed in an

aluminum casing.

The Electronics

Several elements are used in the electronics of the phone. Silicon is used in the chip

and processor exposed to oxygen and heat to produce a silicon dioxide film on the

surface. Silicon is not a good conductor of heat without a combination with other

elements (Kenkel 2010). This will include arsenic, phosphorus and boron. The micro

electrical elements are composed of copper and silver since they are good

conductors of heat. Solder is used in joining the electrical components together.

The microphone and speaker contain magnets made of neodymium-iron-boron

alloys that are also found in the phone’s vibration unit.

The Casing

Metal phone casing are composed of magnesium alloys while plastic casing are

carbon based. Latest phones contain flame retardant compounds.

The silicon dioxide layer used on the semi conductors devices prevent the flow of

current where it is not desired.

Bibliography

Compound Interest. The Chemical Elements of a Smartphone. January 6, 2018.

http://www.compoundchem.com/2014/02/19/the-chemical-elements-of-a-

smartphone/ (accessed January 6, 2018).

Kenkel, John . Analytical Chemistry for Technicians, Third Edition. CRC Press, 2010.

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