The Correlation Between Insomnia Severity And Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Running head: PSYCHOLOGY 1

The Correlation between Insomnia Severity and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

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PSYCHOLOGY 2

The Correlation between Insomnia Severity and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Abstract

The mental stability of the population is vital in development of a stable nation. Regardless of

the neglect and insufficient attention that the mental health receives relative to physical wellness,

it is crucial in the attainment of the national goals. It determines the morale and determination of

the population. Rest is one of the requirements necessary in the attainment of ideal body

functionality. However, a proportion of the population seems to neglect the role that rest plays in

a human life (Garland, 2014). Failure to address insomnia will lead to the manifestation of

depression and other social issues. There are several approaches available in the medicine field

available to curb the mental condition. However, Behavioral Cognitive Therapy (CBT) is one of

the most effect approaches in dealing with insomnia (Dong, Soehner, Bélanger and Harvey,

2017). Conversely, several issues remain unanswered regarding the extent of its usefulness and

the relationship between the approach and the condition. Therefore, the paper is correlation of

the insomnia severity and CBT (social control). It utilizes descriptive research design to

investigate the relationship between the variables in the survey through online survey. The

participants in the research were 625, consisting of 453 female and 163 male respondents,

representing 72.5% of and about 26.1% of the total respondents respectively. Five respondents

preferred not to state their gender. The results indicate a negative correlation in the main

variables of the research (insomnia severity and social control).

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Introduction

According to biology, rest is essential for the optimum functionality of the body.

Therefore, sleep is vital in ensuring that organ system operates according to the requirements of

the body. Nonetheless, a proportion of the population presumes the essence of rest and opts to

subscribe to lesser rest-period than the prescribed eight hours. Moreover, they consume

stimulants to remain awake so that they can enhance their performance (Bryman, 2015). As

opposed to their notion, the rest promotes their functionality. On the other hand, some people

experience problems sleeping and staying awake regardless of the nature of the products that

they consume (insomnia). The condition affects at least, a third of the American population

suffers from the condition. However, a majority of the victims fail to take appropriate action to

ensure they manage their situation. Regardless of their awareness regarding their situation, the

consequences of Insomnia are inevitable (Trockel et al., 2015). Therefore, the proportion of the

population that seeks to address their situation has higher chances of restoring their body

functionality to its optimum. Social control is one of the problems associated with the condition.

Cognitive behavioral therapy is one of the avenues utilized by professionals to help patients with

insomnia to overcome their challenges. The correlation of the insomnia severity and social

control is an appropriate avenue to explore the problems that face the society regarding their

mental status. Therefore, an inquiry regarding the subject provides the society with an

opportunity to enhance their health and performance.

The correlation between the severity and social control is crucial worldwide. Cognitive

Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is one of the effective treatments dealing with insomnia. The absence

of the mechanism leads to the promotion of the consequences and the escalation of the

symptoms. Furthermore, the inquiry of the treatment provides the society with the relevant facts

PSYCHOLOGY 4

regarding the establishment of the most appropriate avenue to deal with the condition. The

research utilizes descriptive research design to conduct the survey (Bryman, 2015). It collects

primary data and correlates it with the available literature to determine the relationships that the

two share. Variables are vital in the conduction of a survey since it guides the researcher about

the procedure of the research. Additionally, it aids in the analysis of the results from the

respondents. The variables for the study include; participants’ biological sex status, identification

of the gender, insomnia severity, thought suppression, mindfulness, and age. The comparison of

the various entities ensures the researcher follows due process in both the collection and analysis

of data( Koffel, Koffel, and Gehrman, 2015). Combination of secondary and primary data

facilitates the development of an appropriate approach to deal with the problem statement of the

survey.

The hypothesis of the research is that insomnia severity and social control manifest

negative correlation. It implies that increase in social severity corresponds with a decrease in

social control. It is a null hypothesis awaiting an answer based on the results of the research. The

combination of the variables and the hypothesis will direct the research towards the attainment of

an appropriate avenue to answer the research questions.

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Methods

Methodology is essential in appending credibility in research process. It ensures that the

researcher utilizes approved procedure to warrant the attainment of appropriate results. It

consists of participants, materials, design, and procedure. The phases necessitate order in the

conduction and analysis of the collected data.

Materials

The materials for the research included the computer software utilized in the collection

of data and analysis of the results.

Design

The study used a descriptive survey design to summarize data in an effective and

meaningful way. Bryman (2015) states that all descriptive studies are designed to obtain

pertinent and precise information concerning the status of a phenomenon and wherever possible

to draw valid general conclusions from the facts obtained. The design entails the collection of the

results and the analysis of the result to provide the audience with a comprehensive perspective

regarding the collected information. The research utilized a contemporary approach that included

the incorporation of both secondary and primary data to reinforce the recommendations that the

research provides.

Participants

The study involved a sample of 625 participants online, to determine the model that will

used to enable determine the level of insomnia severity depending on the level of social control

of a given respondent. Social control took values between 1 to 4 while insomnia severity took

PSYCHOLOGY 6

values between 7 and 35. The other information collected from the respondents included;

Thought Suppression, Mindfulness, Mindfulness, Sex, Gender and ages. It was justified to do

analysis on the insomnia severity and social control because it is a common thought that

insomnia severity depends on the mental condition of a given individual.

Procedure

The information collected for the research stemmed from the responses of the participants

from the online platform. It investigated the severity of insomnia and its correlation to the

cognitive behavioral therapy (Bryman, 2015). Also, social control is one of the five-thought

control mechanisms tested out on the questionnaire. The online survey is justified by the fact

that most of the people suffering from insomnia are individuals who spend most of their time

online hence; they would make a good case study. On the other hand online surveys are less

costly in the long run as there will be no data entry cost and as such quick real time analysis.

Additionally, it is easier to append consistency checks on the questionnaire since it was an online

questionnaire and as such easily programmed (Smith, 2015). It was a convenient way for

collecting data since the respondents answer the question whenever they were online but to the

researcher, it was a bit difficult to determine when all respondents were through with the

questionnaire. The other difficulty that the researcher experienced was the information regarding

the commitment of the correspondents.

Results

The research had 625 participants, 453 female respondents, which translated to about

72.5% of the total respondents and 163 male respondents, which translated to about 26.1% of the

total respondents. Five respondents preferred not to state their gender, this translated to 0.8% of

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the total respondents. One respondent’s gender was missing this could be because of data errors

or during data transfer it could have been interfered with. About three respondents stated that

they had other gender, this translated to about 0.5%. The ages of the respondent ranged from a

minimum of 16 years for the youngest respondent and 75 years for the oldest respondents. The

mean age of the respondents was 31.6007 years. The standard deviation of the age of the

respondents is 13.10344 years. From the insomniaseverity variable, there was no missing data.

The mean for the insomniaseverity responses was 16.6288. The median for the insomniaseverity

responses was 16. The minimum insomniaseverity response was seven while the maximum

insomniaseverity response was 35. The range for the insomniaseverity was 28. The inter-quartile

range for the insomniaseverity was nine. The coefficient of skewness for the responses on the

insomniaseverity was 0.457. From the socialcontrol variable, there was no missing data. The

mean for the socialcontrol responses was 2.1188. The median for the socialcontrol responses was

2.17. The minimum socialcontrol response was one while the maximum socialcontrol response

was four. The range for the socialcontrol was three. The inter-quartile range for the socialcontrol

was 0.83. The coefficient of skewness for the responses on the socialcontrol was 0.023.

PSYCHOLOGY 8

A linear regression analysis between the variables socialcontrol and insomniaseverity and

the results showed that the correlation coefficient between them was -0.134. This implied that

there exists a weak negative correlation between socialcontrol and insomniaseverity (Hall, Kline,

and Nowakowski, 2015). This implies that the higher the insomniaseverity response the lower

the score for socialcontrol or the lower the insomniaseverity response the higher the score for

socialcontrol. The model developed to fit the data had a 1.8% fit to the actual data. This is not a

good model on the data. Further analysis is required to determine a better mode.

Conclusion

Based on the results of the research, the negative correlation implies that an increase in

insomnia severity will correspond to a decrease in social control. Nonetheless, the results reveal

the essence of the therapy in dealing with the condition. On the other hand, the consequences of

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insomnia cause the stakeholders to investigate and formulate an appropriate approach that will

warrant the handling of the mental condition appropriately to generate the desired outcome.

Conversely, the linear regression between the two main variables help in determination of the

strength of the correlation, it affirms the presence of a weak linear regression thus promoting the

attainment of the most applicable vice to address the research question.

PSYCHOLOGY 10

References

Bryman, A., & Bell, E. (2015). Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA.

Bryman, A. (2015). Social research methods. Oxford university press.

Dong, L., Soehner, A. M., Bélanger, L., & Harvey, A. G. (2017). Treatment Agreement,

Adherence, and Outcome in Cognitive Behavioral Treatments for Insomnia. Journal of

consulting and clinical psychology.

Garland, S. (2014). Mindfulness-based stress reduction compared with cognitive behavioral

therapy for the treatment of insomnia comorbid with cancer: a randomized, partially

blinded, noninferiority trial. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 32(5), 449-457.

Garland, S. N., Johnson, J. A., Savard, J., Gehrman, P., Perlis, M., Carlson, L., & Campbell, T.

(2014). Sleeping well with cancer: a systematic review of cognitive behavioral therapy

for insomnia in cancer patients. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 10, 1113.

Hall, M. H., Kline, C. E., & Nowakowski, S. (2015). Insomnia and sleep apnea in midlife

women: prevalence and consequences to health and functioning. F1000prime reports, 7.

Koffel, E. A., Koffel, J. B., & Gehrman, P. R. (2015). A meta-analysis of group cognitive

behavioral therapy for insomnia. Sleep medicine reviews, 19, 6-16.

Trockel, M., Karlin, B. E., Taylor, C. B., Brown, G. K., & Manber, R. (2015). Effects of

cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia on suicidal ideation in veterans. Sleep, 38(2),

259-265.

Smith, J. (2015). Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods. Sage.

Trockel, M., Karlin, B. E., Taylor, C. B., & Manber, R. (2014). Cognitive behavioral therapy for

insomnia with veterans: evaluation of effectiveness and correlates of treatment

outcomes. Behaviour research and therapy, 53, 41-46.

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The correlation between Insomnia severity and cognitive behavioral therapy

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