The Joint Effect Of Temperature And Salinity On Brassica Rapa From Global Warming

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The Joint Effect of Temperature and Salinity on Brassica Rapa from Global Warming

Global warming is the general rise in global temperature as a result of the increase in

the concentration of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere (Crate and Mark 2). The major

cause of global warming includes anthropogenic forcing, which constitutes human activities

that either limit absorption of greenhouse gasses from the atmosphere or enhance production

and release of more greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere (Memmott et al. 715). The

process has led to increased cases of climate change and its effects. Such increase in

temperature could lead to increased evaporation rates, which in turn leave the soil with a high

concentration of salts (Root et al. 57). Consequently, soil salinity would increase and affect

Brassica Rapa in various ways as would be determined in the experiment.

In the past century, the temperature has gradually increased due to the accumulation

of more greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere (Paerl and Valerie 1350). The gasses reflect

back the infrared radiation from the earth’s surface, and since the radiation cannot escape to

the outer space, temperature on the earth rises (Mendelsohn, William and Daigee 754).

Furthermore, there is a positive correlation between the rise in temperature and salinization of

the soil (Parmesan 1869). In other words, the two parameters are directly proportional,

whereby increasing temperatures accelerate evaporation rates. Consequently, increased

evaporation leaves less soil moisture while raising the salt concentration levels (Taylor 881).

Soil salinization has many effects including changes in soil quality and associated

impacts. Most living organisms thrive in specific concentrations of salinity, whether marine

or terrestrial (Ashraf and McNeilly 158). In the soil, for instance, plants are adapted to

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specific salt content levels, and any changes could result in detrimental implications on

biological diversity of affected areas (Chinnusamy et al. 440). Other than biodiversity and

ecological problems, economic concerns would also rise in case food crops and cash crops

are affected. Organisms such as some Brassica Rapa species are food crops, and changes in

soil salinity and temperature would make it difficult to grow them. At the same time, during

rainfall, the concentrated soils are washed by stormwater to water bodies such rivers and

lakes as well as the marine ecosystem (Bui 15). Alteration of salinity levels and temperature

of both freshwater and marine ecosystems would significantly affect organisms in such

habitats.

Brassica Rapa is an angiosperm (flowering plant) that belongs to the family of

Brassicacaceae. The species has different tolerance to both temperature and salinity under

different levels of concentration (Zhang et al. 65). The species is a good choice for the

experiment because of its faster germination rate and rapid life cycle, which makes it easier to

monitor during the experiment. Brassica Rapa species such as turnip and Chinese cabbage are

important nutritional sources of food for people (Kumar et al. 6). The species not only has an

ecological significance but also economic importance because of its demand in most

countries. Consequently, determination of the effects of temperature and salinity on such

plants is crucial because of their importance.

The purpose of this experimental research is to determine the joint effect of

temperature and salinity on Brassica Rapa and help in predicting its survival and ways of

improving the species with the increasing cases global warming and climate change. Given

the ecological and economic importance of Brassica Rapa, the experiment will help in

projecting how the species would behave under different levels of stress and help in ensuring

its survival. For example, the subjection of the species to different salt leveled solutions such

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as (0,4,8,12g/L) and different temperatures such as (25,30,35C) on Brassica Rapa would

provide insight on how the species would grow and tolerate various stress levels.

In conclusion, the rising temperatures due to increased emission of greenhouse and

global warming have put more stress on most organisms. With such trends, it is important to

analyze their effects on plants particularly on temperature and salinity. Rising temperature

leads to increase evaporation and concentration of salts in the soil. Experimenting of such

effects would help project future outcomes and survival of species such as Brassica Rapa.

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Works Cited

Ashraf, M., and T. McNeilly. "Salinity tolerance in Brassica oilseeds." Critical Reviews in

Plant Sciences 23.2 (2004): 157-174.

Bui, E. N. "Soil salinity: A neglected factor in plant ecology and biogeography." Journal of

arid environments 92 (2013): 14-25.

Crate, Susan A., and Mark Nuttall, eds. Anthropology and climate change: from encounters

to actions. Routledge, 2016.

Chinnusamy, Viswanathan, Andre Jagendorf, and Jian-Kang Zhu. "Understanding and

improving salt tolerance in plants." Crop Science 45.2 (2005): 437-448.

Kumar, Manu, et al. "Molecular breeding in Brassica for salt tolerance: importance of

microsatellite (SSR) markers for molecular breeding in Brassica." Frontiers in plant

science 6 (2015).

Mendelsohn, Robert, William D. Nordhaus, and Daigee Shaw. "The impact of global

warming on agriculture: a Ricardian analysis." The American economic

review (1994): 753-771.

Memmott, Jane, et al. "Global warming and the disruption of plant–pollinator

interactions." Ecology letters 10.8 (2007): 710-717.

Parmesan, Camille. "Influences of species, latitudes and methodologies on estimates of

phenological response to global warming." Global Change Biology 13.9 (2007):

1860-1872.

Paerl, Hans W., and Valerie J. Paul. "Climate change: links to global expansion of harmful

cyanobacteria." Water research 46.5 (2012): 1349-1363.

Root, Terry L., et al. "Fingerprints of global warming on wild animals and

plants." Nature 421.6918 (2003): 57-60.

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Taylor, F. W. "The greenhouse effect and climate change." Reports on Progress in

Physics 54.6 (1991): 881.

Zhang, Xuekun, et al. "Recent progress in drought and salt tolerance studies in Brassica

crops." Breeding science 64.1 (2014): 60-73.

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